PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Studies have shown that infections especially bacteraemia and sepsis are associated with increased risks for endothelial dysfunction and related CVDs including atherosclerosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, sealed membrane-derived structures that are released into body fluids and blood from cells and/or microbes and are critically involved in a variety of important cell functions and disease development, including intercellular communications, immune responses and inflammation. It is known that EVs-mediated mechanism(s) is important in the development of endothelial dysfunction in infections with a diverse spectrum of microorganisms including Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, SARS-CoV-2 (the virus for COVID-19) and Helicobacter pylori. H. pylori infection is one of the most common infections globally. During H. pylori infection, EVs can carry H. pylori components, such as lipopolysaccharide, cytotoxin-associated gene A, or vacuolating cytotoxin A, and transfer these substances into endothelial cells, triggering inflammatory responses and endothelial dysfunction. This review is to illustrate the important role of EVs in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, and the development of endothelial dysfunction in infectious diseases especially H. pylori infection, and to discuss the potential mechanisms and clinical implications.
摘要：
心血管疾病（CVD）仍然是全球死亡率和发病率的主要原因。研究表明，感染，尤其是菌血症和败血症与内皮功能障碍和相关CVD（包括动脉粥样硬化）的风险增加有关。细胞外囊泡（EV）很小，密封的膜衍生结构，从细胞和/或微生物释放到体液和血液中，并与各种重要的细胞功能和疾病发展密切相关，包括蜂窝通信，免疫反应和炎症。众所周知，EV介导的机制在包括大肠杆菌在内的多种微生物感染中内皮功能障碍的发展中很重要。白色念珠菌,SARS-CoV-2（COVID-19的病毒）和幽门螺杆菌。幽门螺杆菌感染是全球最常见的感染之一。幽门螺杆菌感染期间,电动汽车可以携带幽门螺杆菌成分，如脂多糖，细胞毒素相关基因A,或空泡细胞毒素A，并将这些物质转移到内皮细胞中，引发炎症反应和内皮功能障碍。本文就电动汽车在感染性疾病发病机制中的重要作用作一综述,以及感染性疾病尤其是幽门螺杆菌感染中内皮功能障碍的发展，并讨论潜在的机制和临床意义。
