PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), and nitrate reductase (NR) are key enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation and metabolism in plants. However, the systematic analysis of these gene families lacked reports in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), one of the most important crops worldwide.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, we performed genome-wide identification and characterization of GS, GOGAT, and NR genes in soybean under abiotic and nitrogen stress conditions.
UNASSIGNED: We identified a total of 10 GS genes, six GOGAT genes, and four NR genes in the soybean genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of multiple isoforms for each gene family, indicating their functional diversification. The distribution of these genes on soybean chromosomes was uneven, with segmental duplication events contributing to their expansion. Within the nitrogen assimilation genes (NAGs) group, there was uniformity in the exon-intron structure and the presence of conserved motifs in NAGs. Furthermore, analysis of cis-elements in NAG promoters indicated complex regulation of their expression. RT-qPCR analysis of seven soybean NAGs under various abiotic stresses, including nitrogen deficiency, drought-nitrogen, and salinity, revealed distinct regulatory patterns. Most NAGs exhibited up-regulation under nitrogen stress, while diverse expression patterns were observed under salt and drought-nitrogen stress, indicating their crucial role in nitrogen assimilation and abiotic stress tolerance. These findings offer valuable insights into the genomic organization and expression profiles of GS, GOGAT, and NR genes in soybean under nitrogen and abiotic stress conditions. The results have potential applications in the development of stress-resistant soybean varieties through genetic engineering and breeding.
UNASSIGNED: In this study, we performed genome-wide identification and characterization of GS, GOGAT, and NR genes in soybean under abiotic and nitrogen stress conditions.
UNASSIGNED: We identified a total of 10 GS genes, six GOGAT genes, and four NR genes in the soybean genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of multiple isoforms for each gene family, indicating their functional diversification. The distribution of these genes on soybean chromosomes was uneven, with segmental duplication events contributing to their expansion. Within the nitrogen assimilation genes (NAGs) group, there was uniformity in the exon-intron structure and the presence of conserved motifs in NAGs. Furthermore, analysis of cis-elements in NAG promoters indicated complex regulation of their expression. RT-qPCR analysis of seven soybean NAGs under various abiotic stresses, including nitrogen deficiency, drought-nitrogen, and salinity, revealed distinct regulatory patterns. Most NAGs exhibited up-regulation under nitrogen stress, while diverse expression patterns were observed under salt and drought-nitrogen stress, indicating their crucial role in nitrogen assimilation and abiotic stress tolerance. These findings offer valuable insights into the genomic organization and expression profiles of GS, GOGAT, and NR genes in soybean under nitrogen and abiotic stress conditions. The results have potential applications in the development of stress-resistant soybean varieties through genetic engineering and breeding.
摘要：
■谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS），谷氨酸合酶（GOGAT），硝酸还原酶（NR）是参与植物氮同化和代谢的关键酶。然而,对大豆中这些基因家族的系统分析缺乏报道(Glycinemax(L.）合并。),世界上最重要的作物之一。
■在这项研究中，我们对GS进行了全基因组鉴定和表征，GOGAT,在非生物和氮胁迫条件下，大豆中的NR基因。
■我们总共鉴定了10个GS基因，6个GOGAT基因,和大豆基因组中的四个NR基因。系统发育分析显示每个基因家族存在多个同种型，表明其功能多样化。这些基因在大豆染色体上的分布不均,分段重复事件有助于它们的扩展。在氮同化基因（NAG）组中，外显子-内含子结构的一致性和NAG中保守基序的存在。此外，NAG启动子中顺式元件的分析表明其表达的复杂调控。不同非生物胁迫下7种大豆NAGs的RT-qPCR分析,包括缺氮,干旱氮，和盐度，揭示了不同的监管模式。大多数NAG在氮胁迫下表现出上调，虽然在盐和干旱氮胁迫下观察到不同的表达模式，表明它们在氮同化和非生物胁迫耐受性中的关键作用。这些发现为GS的基因组组织和表达谱提供了有价值的见解，GOGAT,氮和非生物胁迫条件下大豆中的NR基因。该结果在通过基因工程和育种开发抗逆大豆品种方面具有潜在的应用价值。
■在这项研究中，我们对GS进行了全基因组鉴定和表征，GOGAT,在非生物和氮胁迫条件下，大豆中的NR基因。
■我们总共鉴定了10个GS基因，6个GOGAT基因,和大豆基因组中的四个NR基因。系统发育分析显示每个基因家族存在多个同种型，表明其功能多样化。这些基因在大豆染色体上的分布不均,分段重复事件有助于它们的扩展。在氮同化基因（NAG）组中，外显子-内含子结构的一致性和NAG中保守基序的存在。此外，NAG启动子中顺式元件的分析表明其表达的复杂调控。不同非生物胁迫下7种大豆NAGs的RT-qPCR分析,包括缺氮,干旱氮，和盐度，揭示了不同的监管模式。大多数NAG在氮胁迫下表现出上调，虽然在盐和干旱氮胁迫下观察到不同的表达模式，表明它们在氮同化和非生物胁迫耐受性中的关键作用。这些发现为GS的基因组组织和表达谱提供了有价值的见解，GOGAT,氮和非生物胁迫条件下大豆中的NR基因。该结果在通过基因工程和育种开发抗逆大豆品种方面具有潜在的应用价值。
