Abstract：
As a crucial organ of the female reproductive system, the ovary has both reproductive and endocrine functions. Oxidative stress refers to an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a role in the normal physiological activity of the ovary. However, excessive ROS can cause damage to the ovary. With the advancement of human industrial activities, heavy metal pollution has become increasingly severe. Heavy metals cause oxidative stress through both direct and indirect mechanisms, leading to changes in signal transduction pathways that damage the ovaries. This review aims to outline the adverse effects of oxidative stress on the ovaries triggered by heavy metals such as copper, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead. The detrimental effects of heavy metals on ovaries include follicular atresia and decreased estrogen production in experimental animals, and they also cause premature ovarian insufficiency in women. Additionally, this review discusses the role of antioxidants, provides some treatment methods, summarizes the limitations of current research, and offers perspectives for future research directions.
摘要：
作为女性生殖系统的重要器官,卵巢具有生殖和内分泌功能。氧化应激是指细胞内活性氧（ROS）的增加，在卵巢的正常生理活动中起作用。然而,过量的ROS会对卵巢造成损害。随着人类工业活动的发展，重金属污染日益严重。重金属通过直接和间接机制引起氧化应激，导致损伤卵巢的信号转导途径的变化。本文旨在概述铜等重金属引起的氧化应激对卵巢的不利影响。砷,镉,水银,和铅。重金属对卵巢的有害影响包括卵泡闭锁和实验动物的雌激素产生减少，它们也会导致女性卵巢早衰。此外,这篇综述讨论了抗氧化剂的作用，提供了一些治疗方法，总结了当前研究的局限性，并对未来的研究方向提出了展望。
