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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a pivotal stage in human development that presents unique challenges, especially for girls navigating the complexities of menstruation. Despite the importance of menstrual hygiene management for adolescent girls\' well-being, this vital aspect of personal health is often overlooked, particularly in regions where cultural stigma prevails. This study examines knowledge, attitude, and practice of menstrual hygiene management among in-school adolescent girls in Abuja, Nigeria.
METHODS: The study employed a cross-sectional mixed-method design, integrating quantitative surveys with focus group discussions. A survey was conducted among 420 adolescent girls across four government junior secondary schools through a multistage sampling technique. Also, Focus Group Discussions were conducted among 80 respondents in groups of 10 discussants. The quantitative data set was subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, while the qualitative data were analysed using content analysis.
RESULTS: Findings revealed that the majority (53.45%) of the respondents had good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene management. Junior Secondary School (JSS) 3 students [OR = 2,09; 95% CI = 1.24-3.52] and those who started menstruation at age 15 years and above [OR = 7.52; 95% CI = 1.43-39.49] were associated with increased odds of having good knowledge of menstrual hygiene management. The attitude of most respondents (70.08%) towards menstrual hygiene management was good. Those in the JSS 3 class [OR = 6.47; 95% CI = 3.34-12.54], respondents who are Muslim [OR = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.63-5.48], and those whose parents had tertiary education [OR = 3.58; 95% CI = 1.25-10.25] were more likely to demonstrate more positive attitudes compared to their counterparts whose parents do not have tertiary education. In relation to practice, about 3 in 5 (57.80%) reportedly practise good menstrual hygiene management. Respondents who practice traditional religion [OR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.02-4.56] were less likely to practise good menstrual hygiene management, while respondents who are the third child of their parents [OR = 2.09; 95% CI = 1.04-4.23] were more likely to practise menstrual hygiene compared to respondents with other birth orders. Qualitative results showed that participants had good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene management, and mothers were the main source of menstruation-related information. Participants had mixed feelings and reactions during their first menstruation, with 3 in 5 participants reporting experiencing menstruation-related stigma restrictions when menstruating.
CONCLUSIONS: In-school adolescent girls in Abuja, Nigeria, have good menstruation-related knowledge and positive attitudes, as well as practise menstrual hygiene management. Students\' class and age at first menstruation were major factors associated with good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene management; respondents\' class, religion and parents\' educational qualification were associated with a positive attitude, while respondents\' religion and parity line were associated with menstrual hygiene practice. Future interventions should focus on conducting school and community-level awareness programs to increase knowledge and dispel myths and misconceptions about menstruation and menstrual hygiene management.
METHODS: The study employed a cross-sectional mixed-method design, integrating quantitative surveys with focus group discussions. A survey was conducted among 420 adolescent girls across four government junior secondary schools through a multistage sampling technique. Also, Focus Group Discussions were conducted among 80 respondents in groups of 10 discussants. The quantitative data set was subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, while the qualitative data were analysed using content analysis.
RESULTS: Findings revealed that the majority (53.45%) of the respondents had good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene management. Junior Secondary School (JSS) 3 students [OR = 2,09; 95% CI = 1.24-3.52] and those who started menstruation at age 15 years and above [OR = 7.52; 95% CI = 1.43-39.49] were associated with increased odds of having good knowledge of menstrual hygiene management. The attitude of most respondents (70.08%) towards menstrual hygiene management was good. Those in the JSS 3 class [OR = 6.47; 95% CI = 3.34-12.54], respondents who are Muslim [OR = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.63-5.48], and those whose parents had tertiary education [OR = 3.58; 95% CI = 1.25-10.25] were more likely to demonstrate more positive attitudes compared to their counterparts whose parents do not have tertiary education. In relation to practice, about 3 in 5 (57.80%) reportedly practise good menstrual hygiene management. Respondents who practice traditional religion [OR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.02-4.56] were less likely to practise good menstrual hygiene management, while respondents who are the third child of their parents [OR = 2.09; 95% CI = 1.04-4.23] were more likely to practise menstrual hygiene compared to respondents with other birth orders. Qualitative results showed that participants had good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene management, and mothers were the main source of menstruation-related information. Participants had mixed feelings and reactions during their first menstruation, with 3 in 5 participants reporting experiencing menstruation-related stigma restrictions when menstruating.
CONCLUSIONS: In-school adolescent girls in Abuja, Nigeria, have good menstruation-related knowledge and positive attitudes, as well as practise menstrual hygiene management. Students\' class and age at first menstruation were major factors associated with good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene management; respondents\' class, religion and parents\' educational qualification were associated with a positive attitude, while respondents\' religion and parity line were associated with menstrual hygiene practice. Future interventions should focus on conducting school and community-level awareness programs to increase knowledge and dispel myths and misconceptions about menstruation and menstrual hygiene management.
摘要：
背景：青春期是人类发展的关键阶段，提出了独特的挑战，特别是对于那些复杂的月经的女孩来说。尽管月经卫生管理对青春期女孩的健康很重要，个人健康的这一重要方面经常被忽视，特别是在文化污名盛行的地区。这项研究考察了知识，态度,阿布贾在校少女月经卫生管理的做法，尼日利亚。
方法：研究采用横截面混合方法设计，将定量调查与焦点小组讨论相结合。通过多阶段抽样技术，对四所公立初中的420名少女进行了调查。此外，焦点小组讨论是在10名讨论者中的80名受访者中进行的。对定量数据集进行描述性和推断性统计分析，而定性数据采用内容分析进行分析。
结果：结果显示，大多数（53.45%）受访者对月经和月经卫生管理有良好的认识。初中（JSS）3名学生[OR=2,09;95％CI=1.24-3.52]和15岁及以上开始月经的学生[OR=7.52;95％CI=1.43-39.49]与具有良好月经卫生管理知识的几率增加相关。大多数受访者（70.08％）对月经卫生管理的态度良好。JSS3类[OR=6.47；95%CI=3.34-12.54]，穆斯林受访者[OR=2.29；95%CI=1.63-5.48]，与父母没有受过高等教育的人相比，父母受过高等教育的人[OR=3.58;95％CI=1.25-10.25]更有可能表现出更积极的态度。就实践而言,据报道，约有五分之三(57.80%)的人实行良好的月经卫生管理。实践传统宗教的受访者[OR=0.33;95％CI=0.02-4.56]不太可能实行良好的月经卫生管理，与其他出生顺序的受访者相比，作为父母的第三个孩子的受访者[OR=2.09;95％CI=1.04-4.23]更有可能进行月经卫生。定性结果显示，参与者对月经和月经卫生管理有良好的了解，母亲是月经相关信息的主要来源。参与者在第一次月经期间有复杂的感觉和反应，每5名参与者中就有3名报告在经期时经历了与月经相关的病耻感限制。
结论：阿布贾的在校少女，尼日利亚,有良好的月经相关知识和积极的态度，以及实行月经卫生管理。学生的班级和第一次月经的年龄是与良好的月经知识和月经卫生管理相关的主要因素；受访者的班级，宗教和父母的教育资格与积极的态度有关，而受访者的宗教和平价线与月经卫生习惯有关。未来的干预措施应侧重于开展学校和社区一级的意识计划，以增加知识并消除有关月经和月经卫生管理的神话和误解。
方法：研究采用横截面混合方法设计，将定量调查与焦点小组讨论相结合。通过多阶段抽样技术，对四所公立初中的420名少女进行了调查。此外，焦点小组讨论是在10名讨论者中的80名受访者中进行的。对定量数据集进行描述性和推断性统计分析，而定性数据采用内容分析进行分析。
结果：结果显示，大多数（53.45%）受访者对月经和月经卫生管理有良好的认识。初中（JSS）3名学生[OR=2,09;95％CI=1.24-3.52]和15岁及以上开始月经的学生[OR=7.52;95％CI=1.43-39.49]与具有良好月经卫生管理知识的几率增加相关。大多数受访者（70.08％）对月经卫生管理的态度良好。JSS3类[OR=6.47；95%CI=3.34-12.54]，穆斯林受访者[OR=2.29；95%CI=1.63-5.48]，与父母没有受过高等教育的人相比，父母受过高等教育的人[OR=3.58;95％CI=1.25-10.25]更有可能表现出更积极的态度。就实践而言,据报道，约有五分之三(57.80%)的人实行良好的月经卫生管理。实践传统宗教的受访者[OR=0.33;95％CI=0.02-4.56]不太可能实行良好的月经卫生管理，与其他出生顺序的受访者相比，作为父母的第三个孩子的受访者[OR=2.09;95％CI=1.04-4.23]更有可能进行月经卫生。定性结果显示，参与者对月经和月经卫生管理有良好的了解，母亲是月经相关信息的主要来源。参与者在第一次月经期间有复杂的感觉和反应，每5名参与者中就有3名报告在经期时经历了与月经相关的病耻感限制。
结论：阿布贾的在校少女，尼日利亚,有良好的月经相关知识和积极的态度，以及实行月经卫生管理。学生的班级和第一次月经的年龄是与良好的月经知识和月经卫生管理相关的主要因素；受访者的班级，宗教和父母的教育资格与积极的态度有关，而受访者的宗教和平价线与月经卫生习惯有关。未来的干预措施应侧重于开展学校和社区一级的意识计划，以增加知识并消除有关月经和月经卫生管理的神话和误解。
