Abstract：
BACKGROUND: In adults and children with intellectual disability (ID), sleep -disordered breathing (SDB) is thought to be common. However, large epidemiological studies are lacking, and there are few studies on optimal methods of investigation and even fewer randomised, controlled intervention trials of treatment.
METHODS: Peer-reviewed publications from various databases were examined in line with search terms relevant to ID and SDB spanning the years 200-2024.
RESULTS: Findings suggest that, due to comorbid conditions, children and adults with ID may experience both an increased risk of SDB, as well as lower frequency of diagnosis. SDB can compromise the emotional, physical and mental health of individuals with ID. Appropriate treatment when tolerated leads to an improvement in health and well-being and several studies emphasized the importance of consistent follow-up of people with ID - something that is not universally occurring during childhood, in the transition to adulthood and during adulthood itself. As the most frequently occurring form of ID worldwide, we use Down syndrome as a specific example of how diagnosing and treating SDB can lead to improved outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights the importance of identifying SDB in this heterogenous population, recognising the multi-faceted, deleterious consequences of untreated SDB in people with ID, and presents some strategies that can be harnessed to improve diagnosis and management. Until further ID-specific research is available, we urge flexibility in the approach to people with ID and SDB based in guidelines and standard practice developed for the typically developing population.
METHODS: Peer-reviewed publications from various databases were examined in line with search terms relevant to ID and SDB spanning the years 200-2024.
RESULTS: Findings suggest that, due to comorbid conditions, children and adults with ID may experience both an increased risk of SDB, as well as lower frequency of diagnosis. SDB can compromise the emotional, physical and mental health of individuals with ID. Appropriate treatment when tolerated leads to an improvement in health and well-being and several studies emphasized the importance of consistent follow-up of people with ID - something that is not universally occurring during childhood, in the transition to adulthood and during adulthood itself. As the most frequently occurring form of ID worldwide, we use Down syndrome as a specific example of how diagnosing and treating SDB can lead to improved outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights the importance of identifying SDB in this heterogenous population, recognising the multi-faceted, deleterious consequences of untreated SDB in people with ID, and presents some strategies that can be harnessed to improve diagnosis and management. Until further ID-specific research is available, we urge flexibility in the approach to people with ID and SDB based in guidelines and standard practice developed for the typically developing population.
摘要：
背景：在患有智力障碍（ID）的成人和儿童中，睡眠呼吸紊乱（SDB）被认为是常见的。然而,缺乏大型流行病学研究，关于最佳调查方法的研究很少，随机化的研究甚至更少，治疗的对照干预试验。
方法：根据200-2024年间与ID和SDB相关的搜索词，对来自各种数据库的同行评审出版物进行了检查。
结果：研究结果表明，由于合并症，患有身份证的儿童和成人可能会经历SDB的风险增加，以及较低的诊断频率。SDB可以在情感上妥协，有身份证的人的身心健康。当耐受时，适当的治疗会导致健康和福祉的改善，一些研究强调了对ID患者进行持续随访的重要性-这在儿童时期并不普遍发生，在向成年过渡和成年期间。作为全球最常见的身份证形式，我们使用唐氏综合征作为诊断和治疗SDB如何改善结局的一个具体例子.
结论：这篇综述强调了在这种异质性人群中识别SDB的重要性，认识到多方面的，未经处理的SDB对有身份证的人的有害后果，并提出了一些可用于改善诊断和管理的策略。在进一步的特定于ID的研究可用之前，我们敦促根据为典型发展中人口制定的准则和标准实践，灵活对待ID和SDB的人。
方法：根据200-2024年间与ID和SDB相关的搜索词，对来自各种数据库的同行评审出版物进行了检查。
结果：研究结果表明，由于合并症，患有身份证的儿童和成人可能会经历SDB的风险增加，以及较低的诊断频率。SDB可以在情感上妥协，有身份证的人的身心健康。当耐受时，适当的治疗会导致健康和福祉的改善，一些研究强调了对ID患者进行持续随访的重要性-这在儿童时期并不普遍发生，在向成年过渡和成年期间。作为全球最常见的身份证形式，我们使用唐氏综合征作为诊断和治疗SDB如何改善结局的一个具体例子.
结论：这篇综述强调了在这种异质性人群中识别SDB的重要性，认识到多方面的，未经处理的SDB对有身份证的人的有害后果，并提出了一些可用于改善诊断和管理的策略。在进一步的特定于ID的研究可用之前，我们敦促根据为典型发展中人口制定的准则和标准实践，灵活对待ID和SDB的人。
