PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Because very few prospective studies have identified risk factors that predicted future onset of threshold/subthreshold anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and purging disorder (PD), we analyzed prospective data collected from a large cohort of adolescent girls followed over an 8-year period to advance knowledge about risk factor specificity. Adolescent girls recruited from middle schools in Texas (N = 492; M age = 13.02 [SD = 0.73], age range = 11-15) completed questionnaires assessing risk factors at baseline and diagnostic interviews assessing eating disorders annually over 8 years. Only low BMI predicted future AN onset. Pressure to be thin, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, negative emotionality, low parent support, and modeling of eating pathology predicted future BN onset. Pressure to be thin, thin-ideal internalization, negative emotionality, low parent support, and modeling of eating pathology predicted future BED onset. Pressure to be thin, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, low parent support, modeling of eating pathology, and high BMI predicted future PD onset. Predictive effects were medium-to-large. Results support etiological theories of eating disorders that postulate the pursuit of the thin ideal, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, dietary restraint, and interpersonal issues increase risk for most eating disorders. The evidence that girls with low body weight are at risk for AN, whereas girls with high body weight are at risk for PD are novel. Although several risk factors predicted future onset of BN, BED, and PD, results suggest that risk factors for AN are qualitatively distinct and should be investigated further.
摘要：
由于很少有前瞻性研究确定了预测未来发生阈值/阈值下神经性厌食症（AN）的风险因素，神经性贪食症（BN），暴饮暴食症（BED），和清除障碍（PD），我们分析了在为期8年的青少年女孩队列中收集的前瞻性数据,以提高对风险因素特异性的认识.从德克萨斯州的中学招募的青春期女孩（N=492；M年龄=13.02[SD=0.73]，年龄范围=11-15）填写了评估基线危险因素的问卷，并在8年内每年进行一次评估饮食失调的诊断性访谈。只有低BMI预测未来的AN发作。压力要薄，薄理想内化，身体不满，负面情绪，低父母支持，饮食病理学建模预测了未来的BN发作。压力要薄，薄理想内化，负面情绪，低父母支持，饮食病理学建模预测了未来的BED发作。压力要薄，身体不满，饮食限制，低父母支持，饮食病理学建模，高BMI预测未来的PD发病。预测效应是中等到大的。结果支持饮食失调的病因学理论，这些理论假定了对理想的追求，身体不满，负面影响，饮食限制，人际关系问题会增加大多数饮食失调的风险。有证据表明体重较低的女孩有患AN的风险，而体重高的女孩有患PD的风险是新奇的。尽管有几个风险因素预测了BN的未来发作，床,还有PD,结果表明,AN的危险因素在质量上是不同的,需要进一步研究.
