Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Menstruation serves as an indicator of women\'s reproductive well-being and plays a pivotal role in their fertility; nevertheless, there remains an ongoing debate regarding the epidemiological evidence linking menstrual characteristics and fertility.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between menstrual characteristics and fertility in women of reproductive age.
METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane libraries to identify research articles published up until 9 February 2024.
UNASSIGNED: We included all studies in which the relationship between menstrual characteristics and pregnancy rates among women of reproductive age was investigated. We excluded studies involving the administration of oral contraceptives, application of assisted reproductive technologies, and individuals with a documented history of infertility or partners with a known history of infertility.
RESULTS: Clinical pregnancy and miscarriage.
RESULTS: This meta-analysis was composed of nine studies involving a total of 399,966 women, and the evidential quality derived from these studies was deemed to be high with a low risk of bias. Compared with a normal menstrual cycle length (2532 days), the impact of a short (<25 days) or long (>32 days) menstrual cycle on a woman\'s pregnancy was relatively insignificant (OR=0.81, CI [0.65, 1.01], I2=68%; OR=0.89, CI [0.75, 1.06], I2=60%, respectively); however, a change in cycle length may increase the risk of miscarriage (RR=1.87, CI [1.11, 3.15], I2=0%; RR=1.66, CI [1.07, 2.57], I2=43%, respectively). In comparison to women experiencing menarche at a typical age (1214 years), those with a late age at menarche (>14 years) exhibited a decreased likelihood of pregnancy (OR=0.92, CI [0.91, 0.93], I2=0%); and compared with women experiencing a normal duration of menstrual bleeding (47 days), those with a short duration of menstrual bleeding (<4 days) exhibited reduced fertility potential (OR=0.86, CI [0.84, 0.88], I2=29%).
CONCLUSIONS: Short and long menstrual cycle lengths may elevate women\'s susceptibility to spontaneous abortion, whereas late age at menarche and short duration of menstrual bleeding appear to be linked to diminished fertility among women of reproductive age.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between menstrual characteristics and fertility in women of reproductive age.
METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane libraries to identify research articles published up until 9 February 2024.
UNASSIGNED: We included all studies in which the relationship between menstrual characteristics and pregnancy rates among women of reproductive age was investigated. We excluded studies involving the administration of oral contraceptives, application of assisted reproductive technologies, and individuals with a documented history of infertility or partners with a known history of infertility.
RESULTS: Clinical pregnancy and miscarriage.
RESULTS: This meta-analysis was composed of nine studies involving a total of 399,966 women, and the evidential quality derived from these studies was deemed to be high with a low risk of bias. Compared with a normal menstrual cycle length (2532 days), the impact of a short (<25 days) or long (>32 days) menstrual cycle on a woman\'s pregnancy was relatively insignificant (OR=0.81, CI [0.65, 1.01], I2=68%; OR=0.89, CI [0.75, 1.06], I2=60%, respectively); however, a change in cycle length may increase the risk of miscarriage (RR=1.87, CI [1.11, 3.15], I2=0%; RR=1.66, CI [1.07, 2.57], I2=43%, respectively). In comparison to women experiencing menarche at a typical age (1214 years), those with a late age at menarche (>14 years) exhibited a decreased likelihood of pregnancy (OR=0.92, CI [0.91, 0.93], I2=0%); and compared with women experiencing a normal duration of menstrual bleeding (47 days), those with a short duration of menstrual bleeding (<4 days) exhibited reduced fertility potential (OR=0.86, CI [0.84, 0.88], I2=29%).
CONCLUSIONS: Short and long menstrual cycle lengths may elevate women\'s susceptibility to spontaneous abortion, whereas late age at menarche and short duration of menstrual bleeding appear to be linked to diminished fertility among women of reproductive age.
摘要：
目的：月经是女性生殖健康的一个指标，对她们的生育能力起着举足轻重的作用；关于将月经特征与生育能力联系起来的流行病学证据，仍存在持续的辩论。
目的：探讨育龄妇女月经特征与生育能力的相关性。
方法：使用PubMed进行了全面的文献检索，Embase,WebofScience,和Cochrane图书馆，以确定直到2024年2月9日发表的研究文章。
■我们纳入了所有研究，这些研究调查了育龄妇女的月经特征与怀孕率之间的关系。我们排除了涉及口服避孕药的研究，辅助生殖技术的应用，和有不孕症病史的个体或有已知不孕症病史的伴侣。
结果：临床妊娠和流产。
结果：这项荟萃分析由9项研究组成，涉及399,966名女性，这些研究得出的证据质量被认为是高的，偏倚风险较低。与正常月经周期长度（2532天）相比，短（<25天）或长（>32天）月经周期对女性怀孕的影响相对不明显（OR=0.81,CI[0.65,1.01]，I2=68%；OR=0.89，CI[0.75，1.06]，I2=60%，分别)；然而，周期长度的变化可能会增加流产的风险(RR=1.87，CI[1.11，3.15]，I2=0%；RR=1.66，CI[1.07，2.57]，I2=43%，分别)。与典型年龄（1214岁）初潮的女性相比，初潮年龄较晚(>14岁)的患者妊娠可能性降低(OR=0.92,CI[0.91,0.93],I2=0％）；与经历正常月经出血持续时间（47天）的女性相比，月经出血持续时间短（<4天）的患者表现出生育能力降低（OR=0.86，CI[0.84,0.88]，I2=29%)。
结论：月经周期短和长可能会提高妇女自然流产的易感性，而月经初潮年龄晚和月经出血持续时间短似乎与育龄妇女的生育能力下降有关。
目的：探讨育龄妇女月经特征与生育能力的相关性。
方法：使用PubMed进行了全面的文献检索，Embase,WebofScience,和Cochrane图书馆，以确定直到2024年2月9日发表的研究文章。
■我们纳入了所有研究，这些研究调查了育龄妇女的月经特征与怀孕率之间的关系。我们排除了涉及口服避孕药的研究，辅助生殖技术的应用，和有不孕症病史的个体或有已知不孕症病史的伴侣。
结果：临床妊娠和流产。
结果：这项荟萃分析由9项研究组成，涉及399,966名女性，这些研究得出的证据质量被认为是高的，偏倚风险较低。与正常月经周期长度（2532天）相比，短（<25天）或长（>32天）月经周期对女性怀孕的影响相对不明显（OR=0.81,CI[0.65,1.01]，I2=68%；OR=0.89，CI[0.75，1.06]，I2=60%，分别)；然而，周期长度的变化可能会增加流产的风险(RR=1.87，CI[1.11，3.15]，I2=0%；RR=1.66，CI[1.07，2.57]，I2=43%，分别)。与典型年龄（1214岁）初潮的女性相比，初潮年龄较晚(>14岁)的患者妊娠可能性降低(OR=0.92,CI[0.91,0.93],I2=0％）；与经历正常月经出血持续时间（47天）的女性相比，月经出血持续时间短（<4天）的患者表现出生育能力降低（OR=0.86，CI[0.84,0.88]，I2=29%)。
结论：月经周期短和长可能会提高妇女自然流产的易感性，而月经初潮年龄晚和月经出血持续时间短似乎与育龄妇女的生育能力下降有关。
