Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: PSE is reported more frequently in childhood than in adults. In this study, we aimed to investigate potential risk factors for the development of post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) in children with arterial ischemic stroke (AIS).
METHODS: The current retrospective cohort study included the medical records of 50 pediatric participants (aged 29 days to 18 years) diagnosed with AIS at a university hospital between January 2006 and December 2023. All information of the patients who were followed for at least two years for the development of PSE after AIS was entered into the hospital database and recorded in a pre-designed questionnaire. Acute symptomatic seizures were defined as seizures occurring within 7 days after stroke. Two or more late seizures occurring after the acute period (>7 days) were classified as PSE. The incidence of PSE and potential risk factors were investigated.
RESULTS: After AIS, more than half of the patients (58 %) developed acute seizures and almost one-third (38 %) developed PSE. Risk factors associated with the development of PSE, very early seizures (within the first six hours), high stroke severity, cortical lesions, neurological deficits and low serum vitamin D levels were detected (p = 0.05, p = 0.036, p = 0.011, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Seizures within the first six hours, high stroke severity, and neurological deficits are important risk factors for the development of PSE in children. Knowing the potential risk factors of PSE may be helpful for clinicians to identify high-risk patients. It can also contribute to treatment decision-making and post-discharge follow-up planning.
METHODS: The current retrospective cohort study included the medical records of 50 pediatric participants (aged 29 days to 18 years) diagnosed with AIS at a university hospital between January 2006 and December 2023. All information of the patients who were followed for at least two years for the development of PSE after AIS was entered into the hospital database and recorded in a pre-designed questionnaire. Acute symptomatic seizures were defined as seizures occurring within 7 days after stroke. Two or more late seizures occurring after the acute period (>7 days) were classified as PSE. The incidence of PSE and potential risk factors were investigated.
RESULTS: After AIS, more than half of the patients (58 %) developed acute seizures and almost one-third (38 %) developed PSE. Risk factors associated with the development of PSE, very early seizures (within the first six hours), high stroke severity, cortical lesions, neurological deficits and low serum vitamin D levels were detected (p = 0.05, p = 0.036, p = 0.011, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Seizures within the first six hours, high stroke severity, and neurological deficits are important risk factors for the development of PSE in children. Knowing the potential risk factors of PSE may be helpful for clinicians to identify high-risk patients. It can also contribute to treatment decision-making and post-discharge follow-up planning.
摘要：
目的：PSE在儿童期的报告频率高于成人。在这项研究中,我们旨在探讨动脉缺血性卒中(AIS)患儿卒中后癫痫(PSE)的潜在危险因素.
方法：当前的回顾性队列研究包括2006年1月至2023年12月在一所大学医院诊断为AIS的50名儿科参与者（年龄29天至18岁）的医疗记录。将在AIS后进行至少两年的PSE开发的患者的所有信息输入医院数据库并记录在预先设计的问卷中。急性症状性癫痫发作定义为中风后7天内发生的癫痫发作。急性期（>7天）后发生的两次或更多次晚期癫痫发作被归类为PSE。调查PSE的发生率和潜在危险因素。
结果：在AIS之后，超过一半(58%)的患者发生急性癫痫发作,近三分之一(38%)发生PSE.与PSE发展相关的危险因素，非常早期的癫痫发作（在最初的六个小时内），中风严重程度高,皮质病变,检测到神经功能缺损和血清维生素D水平低（分别为p=0.05，p=0.036，p=0.011，p<0.001，p<0.001）。
结论：前六小时内癫痫发作，中风严重程度高,神经功能缺损是儿童PSE发展的重要危险因素。了解PSE的潜在危险因素可能有助于临床医生识别高危患者。它还可以有助于治疗决策和出院后的后续计划。
方法：当前的回顾性队列研究包括2006年1月至2023年12月在一所大学医院诊断为AIS的50名儿科参与者（年龄29天至18岁）的医疗记录。将在AIS后进行至少两年的PSE开发的患者的所有信息输入医院数据库并记录在预先设计的问卷中。急性症状性癫痫发作定义为中风后7天内发生的癫痫发作。急性期（>7天）后发生的两次或更多次晚期癫痫发作被归类为PSE。调查PSE的发生率和潜在危险因素。
结果：在AIS之后，超过一半(58%)的患者发生急性癫痫发作,近三分之一(38%)发生PSE.与PSE发展相关的危险因素，非常早期的癫痫发作（在最初的六个小时内），中风严重程度高,皮质病变,检测到神经功能缺损和血清维生素D水平低（分别为p=0.05，p=0.036，p=0.011，p<0.001，p<0.001）。
结论：前六小时内癫痫发作，中风严重程度高,神经功能缺损是儿童PSE发展的重要危险因素。了解PSE的潜在危险因素可能有助于临床医生识别高危患者。它还可以有助于治疗决策和出院后的后续计划。
