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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The association between soy isoflavones intake and cardiometabolic health remains inconclusive. We investigated the associations of urinary biomarkers of isoflavones including daidzein, glycitein, genistein, equol (a gut microbial metabolite of daidzein), and equol-predicting microbial species with cardiometabolic risk markers.
RESULTS: In a 1-year study of 305 Chinese community-dwelling adults aged ≥18 years, urinary isoflavones, fecal microbiota, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipids, and anthropometric data were measured twice, 1 year apart. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was also measured after 1 year. A linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze repeated measurements. Logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% CI for the associations for arterial stiffness. Each 1 μg/g creatinine increase in urinary equol concentrations was associated with 1.47%, 0.96%, and 3.32% decrease in triglycerides, plasma atherogenic index, and metabolic syndrome score, respectively (all P<0.05), and 0.61% increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.025). Urinary equol was also associated with lower risk of arterial stiffness (aOR, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.09-0.90]; Ptrend=0.036). We identified 21 bacterial genera whose relative abundance was positively associated with urinary equol (false discovery rate-corrected P<0.05) and constructed a microbial species score to reflect the overall equol-predicting capacity. This score (per 1-point increase) was inversely associated with triglycerides (percentage difference=-1.48%), plasma atherogenic index (percentage difference=-0.85%), and the risk of arterial stiffness (aOR, 0.27 [95% CI, 0.08-0.88]; all P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that urinary equol and equol-predicting microbial species may improve cardiometabolic risk parameters in Chinese adults.
RESULTS: In a 1-year study of 305 Chinese community-dwelling adults aged ≥18 years, urinary isoflavones, fecal microbiota, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipids, and anthropometric data were measured twice, 1 year apart. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was also measured after 1 year. A linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze repeated measurements. Logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% CI for the associations for arterial stiffness. Each 1 μg/g creatinine increase in urinary equol concentrations was associated with 1.47%, 0.96%, and 3.32% decrease in triglycerides, plasma atherogenic index, and metabolic syndrome score, respectively (all P<0.05), and 0.61% increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.025). Urinary equol was also associated with lower risk of arterial stiffness (aOR, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.09-0.90]; Ptrend=0.036). We identified 21 bacterial genera whose relative abundance was positively associated with urinary equol (false discovery rate-corrected P<0.05) and constructed a microbial species score to reflect the overall equol-predicting capacity. This score (per 1-point increase) was inversely associated with triglycerides (percentage difference=-1.48%), plasma atherogenic index (percentage difference=-0.85%), and the risk of arterial stiffness (aOR, 0.27 [95% CI, 0.08-0.88]; all P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that urinary equol and equol-predicting microbial species may improve cardiometabolic risk parameters in Chinese adults.
摘要：
背景：大豆异黄酮摄入量与心脏代谢健康之间的关系仍无定论。我们调查了包括大豆苷元在内的异黄酮的尿生物标志物的关联，糖素，Genistein,雌马酚（大豆苷元的肠道微生物代谢产物），和具有心脏代谢风险标志物的雌马酚预测微生物物种。
结果：在对305名年龄≥18岁的中国社区居民进行的为期1年的研究中，尿异黄酮，粪便微生物群，血压,血糖和血脂，测量了两次人体测量数据，相隔一年。1年后还测量了臂踝脉搏波速度。线性混合效应模型用于分析重复测量。使用Logistic回归计算动脉僵硬度的校正比值比(aOR)和95%CI。尿雌马酚浓度每增加1μg/g肌酐与1.47%相关，0.96%，甘油三酯下降3.32%，血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数，代谢综合征评分,分别(均P<0.05)，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇增加0.61%(P=0.025)。尿雌马酚也与较低的动脉僵硬风险相关(aOR，0.28[95%CI，0.09-0.90]；Ptrend=0.036）。我们确定了21个细菌属，其相对丰度与尿雌马酚呈正相关（错误发现率校正P<0.05），并构建了微生物物种评分以反映整体雌马酚预测能力。该分数（每增加1分）与甘油三酯（百分比差异=-1.48％）呈负相关，血浆动脉粥样硬化指数（百分比差异=-0.85%），和动脉僵硬的风险(aOR，0.27[95%CI，0.08-0.88]；所有P<0.05）。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，尿雌马酚和预测雌马酚的微生物物种可能会改善中国成年人的心脏代谢风险参数。
结果：在对305名年龄≥18岁的中国社区居民进行的为期1年的研究中，尿异黄酮，粪便微生物群，血压,血糖和血脂，测量了两次人体测量数据，相隔一年。1年后还测量了臂踝脉搏波速度。线性混合效应模型用于分析重复测量。使用Logistic回归计算动脉僵硬度的校正比值比(aOR)和95%CI。尿雌马酚浓度每增加1μg/g肌酐与1.47%相关，0.96%，甘油三酯下降3.32%，血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数，代谢综合征评分,分别(均P<0.05)，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇增加0.61%(P=0.025)。尿雌马酚也与较低的动脉僵硬风险相关(aOR，0.28[95%CI，0.09-0.90]；Ptrend=0.036）。我们确定了21个细菌属，其相对丰度与尿雌马酚呈正相关（错误发现率校正P<0.05），并构建了微生物物种评分以反映整体雌马酚预测能力。该分数（每增加1分）与甘油三酯（百分比差异=-1.48％）呈负相关，血浆动脉粥样硬化指数（百分比差异=-0.85%），和动脉僵硬的风险(aOR，0.27[95%CI，0.08-0.88]；所有P<0.05）。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，尿雌马酚和预测雌马酚的微生物物种可能会改善中国成年人的心脏代谢风险参数。
