PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This report reviews national data from all Member States on measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) elimination in the Region of the Americas during 2019-2023. It includes an analysis of compliance with vaccination coverage, surveillance indicators, and measles outbreaks, as well as an analysis of the response capacity of the laboratory network and a country case study that meets all indicators. The sources of information were the integrated epidemiological surveillance system for measles and rubella of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint Reporting Form (eJRF), among others. From 2020 to 2022, regional coverage with first (MMR-1) and second doses (MMR-2) decreased to rates below 90%. The regional suspected case notification rate was maintained above the minimum expected 2.0 suspect cases per 100,000 population, except in 2021. During 2019 to 2023, 18 countries experienced outbreaks, with two of the outbreaks resulting in re-established endemic transmission. In conclusion, two countries in the Americas have not maintained measles elimination, but by the end of 2023 no country showed endemic measles transmission. One of the countries that lost its certification of elimination in 2018 managed to be reverified in 2023; the other is pending reverification. All countries maintained rubella elimination. Despite these challenges, the sustainability of the elimination of these diseases remains a health priority in the Region.
摘要：
本报告审查了所有会员国关于麻疹的国家数据，风疹,和2019-2023年美洲地区先天性风疹综合征（CRS）的消除。它包括对疫苗接种覆盖率的遵守情况的分析，监测指标,和麻疹爆发，以及对实验室网络响应能力的分析和满足所有指标的国家案例研究。信息来源是泛美卫生组织(泛美卫生组织)/世界卫生组织(世卫组织)的麻疹和风疹流行病学综合监测系统和联合报告表(eJRF),在其他人中。从2020年到2022年，第一剂（MMR-1）和第二剂（MMR-2）的区域覆盖率降至90％以下。区域疑似病例通报率维持在预期最低每10万人2.0疑似病例以上,除了2021年。在2019年至2023年期间，有18个国家爆发了疫情，其中两次爆发导致地方性传播。总之,美洲的两个国家没有保持麻疹的消除，但是到2023年底，没有一个国家出现地方性麻疹传播。在2018年失去淘汰认证的国家之一在2023年得以恢复；另一个正在等待恢复。所有国家都保持消除风疹。尽管面临这些挑战,消除这些疾病的可持续性仍然是该区域的健康优先事项。
