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Abstract：
Polysaccharides (AOPs) were extracted from Alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus using three distinct methods: hot water (AOP-HW), hydrochloric acid (AOP-AC), and NaOH/NaBH4 (AOP-AL). This study systematically investigated and compared the physicochemical properties, structural characteristics, antioxidant activities, and α-amylase inhibitory activities of the extracted polysaccharides. Among the three AOPs, AOP-AC exhibited the highest yield (13.76%) and neutral sugar content (80.57%), but had the lowest molecular weight (121.28 kDa). Conversely, AOP-HW had the lowest yield (4.54%) but the highest molecular weight (385.42 kDa). AOP-AL was predominantly composed of arabinose (28.42 mol%), galacturonic acid (17.61 mol%), and galactose (17.09 mol%), while glucose was the major sugar in both AOP-HW (52.31 mol%) and AOP-AC (94.77 mol%). Functionally, AOP-AL demonstrated superior scavenging activities against DPPH, hydroxyl, and ABTS radicals, whereas AOP-AC exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on α-amylase. These findings indicate that the extraction solvent significantly influences the physicochemical and biological properties of AOPs, thus guiding the selection of appropriate extraction methods for specific applications. The results of this study have broad implications for industries seeking natural polysaccharides with antioxidant and enzymatic inhibitory properties.
摘要：
采用三种不同的方法从氧化胡桃中提取多糖（AOPs）：热水（AOP-HW），盐酸（AOP-AC），和NaOH/NaBH4(AOP-AL)。本研究系统地研究和比较了理化性质，结构特征，抗氧化活性，和提取的多糖的α-淀粉酶抑制活性。在三个AOP中，AOP-AC表现出最高的产量(13.76%)和中性糖含量(80.57%),但具有最低的分子量(121.28kDa)。相反，AOP-HW的产率最低(4.54%),但分子量最高(385.42kDa)。AOP-AL主要由阿拉伯糖（28.42mol%）组成，半乳糖醛酸（17.61mol%），和半乳糖（17.09mol%），而葡萄糖是AOP-HW(52.31mol%)和AOP-AC(94.77mol%)中的主要糖。功能上,AOP-AL对DPPH表现出优异的清除活性，羟基，和ABTS激进分子，而AOP-AC对α-淀粉酶的抑制作用最强。这些发现表明，提取溶剂显着影响AOPs的物理化学和生物学特性，从而指导选择适合具体应用的提取方法。这项研究的结果对寻求具有抗氧化和酶抑制特性的天然多糖的行业具有广泛的意义。
