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Abstract：
Phlomoides rotata is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that grows in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region at a 3100-5000 m altitude. Iridoid compounds are the main active compounds of the P. rotata used as medical ingredients and display anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hepatoprotective properties. To better understand the biological mechanisms of iridoid compounds in this species, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of P. rotata leaves from four different regions (3540-4270 m). Global metabolome profiling detected 575 metabolites, and 455 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were detected in P. rotata leaves from the four regions. Eight major DAMs related to iridoid metabolism in P. rotata leaves were investigated: shanzhiside methyl ester, 8-epideoxyloganic acid, barlerin, shanzhiside, geniposide, agnuside, feretoside, and catalpin. In addition, five soil physical and chemical indicators in P. rotata rhizosphere soils were analyzed. Four significant positive correlations were observed between alkaline nitrogen and geniposide, exchangeable calcium and geniposide, available potassium and shanzhiside, and available phosphorus and shanzhiside methyl ester. The transcriptome data showed 12 P. rotata cDNA libraries with 74.46 Gb of clean data, which formed 29,833 unigenes. Moreover, 78.91% of the unigenes were annotated using the eight public databases. Forty-one candidate genes representing 23 enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of iridoid compounds were identified in P. rotata leaves. Moreover, the DXS1, IDI1, 8-HGO1, and G10H2 genes associated with iridoid biosynthesis were specifically expressed in P. rotata. The integration of transcriptome and metabolome analyses highlights the crucial role of soil physical and chemical indicators and major gene expression related to iridoid metabolism pathways in P. rotata from different areas. Our findings provide a theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying iridoid compound accumulation in P. rotata.
摘要：
Phlomoidesrotata是一种传统的中草药，生长在海拔3100-5000m的青藏高原地区。环烯醚萜类化合物是作为药物成分和显示抗炎的主要活性化合物。镇痛药,和保肝性能。为了更好地了解该物种中环烯醚萜类化合物的生物学机制，我们对来自四个不同区域（3540-4270m）的轮叶的转录组和代谢组进行了综合分析。全球代谢组分析检测到575种代谢物，在四个地区的轮叶中检测到455种差异积累的代谢物（DAMs）。研究了八种与环烯醚萜类代谢相关的主要DAM：山芝苷甲酯，8-表氧甘酸，barlerin,山芝赛德,栀子苷,agnuside,Feretoside,和catalpin。此外,对轮叶白杨根际土壤的5项土壤理化指标进行了分析。碱性氮与栀子苷呈显著正相关,可交换钙和栀子苷，可用钾和山芝苷，和有效磷和山芝苷甲酯。转录组数据显示12个P.rotatacDNA文库具有74.46Gb的干净数据，形成了29,833个unigenes。此外，使用八个公共数据库注释了78.91％的单基因。在P.rotata叶中鉴定了代表23种参与环烯醚萜类化合物生物合成的酶的41个候选基因。此外，与环烯醚萜类生物合成相关的DXS1、IDI1、8-HGO1和G10H2基因在旋转假单胞菌中特异性表达。转录组和代谢组的整合分析强调了不同地区土壤理化指标和与环烯醚萜类代谢途径相关的主要基因表达的关键作用。本研究结果为探讨环烯醚萜类化合物在轮叶孢菌中积累的分子机制提供了理论基础。
