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Abstract：
Background: Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a tool of growing interest in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) oligo- symptomatic ILD to avoid. Objective: We aimed to evaluate (i) the prevalence of pleural (PLUS) and parenchymal (PAUS) abnormalities in LUS in the RA population and their possible correlation to biomarkers; (ii) the predictivity of gender, smoking habits, previous infections (past COVID-19 tuberculosis), and treatments; (iii) the differences in LUS between sexes. Methods: We collected the data of 155 (15 early and 140 late) RA patients with mild respiratory symptoms, evaluating PLUS and PAUS, in fourteen lung areas and also summing the scores (LUS-T). Results: Only 13/155 (8.4%) were completely negative; LUS correlated to age (all parameters p 0.0001), rheumatoid factor IgM (PLUS p 0.0006, PAUS p 0.02, LUS-T p 0.001) and ACPA (p 0.001, 0.006, 0.001, respectively), and PLUS also correlated to IL6 (p 0.02). The male gender was predictive of all LUS evaluations (p 0.001, 0.05, 0.001, respectively), which were higher than in women (p 0.001, 0.01, 0.001, respectively). Other potential risk factors were independent, except biological treatments, which showed a low predictivity to PLUS (p < 0.05). Conclusions: We can conclude that LUS is a useful technique in RA low respiratory symptoms and correlates with age, the most important RA biomarkers, and male sex.
摘要：
背景：肺超声（LUS）是类风湿关节炎（RA）少有症状ILD的避免工具。目的：我们旨在评估（i）RA人群中LUS的胸膜（PLUS）和实质（PAUS）异常的患病率及其与生物标志物的可能相关性；（ii）性别的预测性，吸烟习惯,以前的感染（过去的COVID-19结核病），和治疗；(iii)两性之间LUS的差异。方法:我们收集155例(早期15例,晚期140例)有轻度呼吸道症状的RA患者,评估PLUS和PAUS，在14个肺区域，并求和评分（LUS-T）。结果：只有13/155（8.4％）完全阴性；LUS与年龄相关（所有参数p0.0001），类风湿因子IgM（PLUSp0.0006，PAUSp0.02，LUS-Tp0.001）和ACPA（分别为p0.001，0.006，0.001），和PLUS也与IL6相关（p0.02）。男性性别是所有LUS评估的预测因素（分别为p0.001、0.05、0.001），高于女性(p分别为0.001、0.01、0.001)。其他潜在的危险因素是独立的，除了生物治疗,对PLUS的预测较低(p<0.05)。结论：我们可以得出结论，LUS是治疗RA低呼吸道症状的有用技术，并且与年龄相关。最重要的RA生物标志物，和男性。
