PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is typically a self-limiting, acute illness that spreads through the gastrointestinal tract but replicates in the liver. However, chronic infections are possible in immunocompromised individuals. The HEV virion has two shapes: exosome-like membrane-associated quasi-enveloped virions (eHEV) found in circulating blood or in the supernatant of infected cell cultures and non-enveloped virions (\"naked\") found in infected hosts\' feces and bile to mediate inter-host transmission. Although HEV is mainly spread via enteric routes, it is unclear how it penetrates the gut wall to reach the portal bloodstream. Both virion types are infectious, but they infect cells in different ways. To develop personalized treatment/prevention strategies and reduce HEV impact on public health, it is necessary to decipher the entry mechanism for both virion types using robust cell culture and animal models. The contemporary knowledge of the cell entry mechanism for these two HEV virions as possible therapeutic target candidates is summarized in this narrative review.
摘要：
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）感染通常是一种自限性，通过胃肠道传播但在肝脏中复制的急性疾病。然而,慢性感染在免疫功能低下的个体中是可能的。HEV病毒体具有两种形状：在循环血液或感染细胞培养物上清液中发现的外泌体样与膜相关的准包裹病毒体（eHEV）和在感染宿主中发现的非包裹病毒体（“裸”）。排泄物和胆汁介导宿主间传播。虽然HEV主要通过肠道途径传播，目前还不清楚它是如何穿透肠壁到达门静脉血流的。两种病毒粒子都有传染性,但是它们以不同的方式感染细胞。制定个性化的治疗/预防策略，减少HEV对公共卫生的影响，有必要使用强大的细胞培养和动物模型来破译两种病毒体类型的进入机制。本叙述性综述总结了这两种HEV病毒体作为可能的治疗靶标候选物的细胞进入机制的当代知识。
