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Abstract：
Leishmania infantum is the primary cause of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in the European Mediterranean region. Subspecies-level characterization of L. infantum aids epidemiological studies by offering insights into the evolution and geographical distribution of the parasite and reservoir identity. In this study, conducted in north-east Spain, 26 DNA samples of L. infantum were analyzed, comprising 21 from 10 humans and 5 from 5 dogs. Minicircle kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) polymerase chain reaction assays using primers MC1 and MC2, followed by sequencing, were employed to assess intraspecific genetic variability. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis detected seven genotypes (G1, G2, G12*-G15*, and G17*), with five being reported for the first time (*). The most prevalent was the newly described G13 (54%), while the other currently identified genotypes were predominantly found in single samples. The in silico restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method revealed five genotypes (B, F, N, P, and W), one of them previously unreported (W). Genotype B was the most prevalent (85%), comprising three SNP genotypes (G1, G2, and G13), whereas the other RFLP genotypes were associated with single SNP genotypes. These kDNA genotyping methods revealed significant intraspecific genetic diversity in L. infantum, demonstrating their suitability for fingerprinting and strain monitoring.
摘要：
婴儿利什曼原虫是欧洲地中海地区内脏和皮肤利什曼病的主要原因。通过提供有关寄生虫和水库身份的进化和地理分布的见解，对婴儿L.infantum艾滋病流行病学研究的亚种水平表征。在这项研究中,在西班牙东北部进行，对26个婴儿乳球菌的DNA样本进行了分析，包括来自10个人的21和来自5只狗的5。使用引物MC1和MC2进行微环动体DNA（kDNA）聚合酶链反应测定，然后进行测序，用于评估种内遗传变异性。单核苷酸多态性（SNP）分析检测到七个基因型（G1，G2，G12*-G15*，和G17*)，其中有五个是首次报告的（*）。最普遍的是新描述的G13(54%)，而其他目前鉴定的基因型主要在单个样本中发现。计算机限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）方法揭示了五种基因型（B，F,N,P,andW),其中一个以前未报告(W)。基因型B是最普遍的(85%)，包含三种SNP基因型（G1，G2和G13），而其他RFLP基因型与单个SNP基因型相关。这些kDNA基因分型方法揭示了婴儿乳杆菌的显著种内遗传多样性，证明它们适用于指纹识别和应变监测。
