PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Dairy cows face metabolic challenges around the time of calving, leading to a negative energy balance and various postpartum health issues. Adipose tissue is crucial for cows during this period, as it regulates energy metabolism and supports immune function. Naringin, one of the main flavonoids in citrus fruit and their byproducts, is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytoconstituent. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplemental naringin on performance, systemic inflammation, oxidative status, and adipose tissue metabolic status. A total of 36 multiparous Holstein cows (from ~21 d prepartum through 35 d postpartum) were provided a basal control (CON) diet or a CON diet containing naringin (NAR) at 30 g/d per cow. Supplemental NAR increased the yield of raw milk and milk protein, without affecting dry matter intake. Cows fed NAR showed significantly lower levels (p < 0.05) of serum non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), C-reactive protein, IL-1β, IL-6, malonaldehyde, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase, but increased (p < 0.05) glutathione peroxidase activity relative to those fed CON. Supplemental NAR increased (p < 0.05) adipose tissue adiponectin abundance, decreased inflammatory responses, and reduced oxidative stress. Lipidomic analysis showed that cows fed NAR had lower concentrations of ceramide species (p < 0.05) in the serum and adipose tissue than did the CON-fed cows. Adipose tissue proteomics showed that proteins related to lipolysis, ceramide biosynthesis, inflammation, and heat stress were downregulated (p < 0.05), while those related to glycerophospholipid biosynthesis and the extracellular matrix were upregulated (p < 0.05). Feeding NAR to cows may reduce the accumulation of ceramide by lowering serum levels of NEFA and LPS and increasing adiponectin expression, thereby decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress in adipose tissue, ultimately improving their systemic metabolic status. Including NAR in periparturient cows\' diets improves lactational performance, reduces excessive lipolysis in adipose tissue, and decreases systemic and adipose tissue inflammation and oxidative stress. Integrating lipidomic and proteomic data revealed that reduced ceramide and increased glycerophospholipids may alleviate metabolic dysregulations in adipose tissue, which in turn benefits systemic metabolic status.
摘要：
奶牛在产牛期间面临代谢挑战，导致负能量平衡和各种产后健康问题。在这个时期，脂肪组织对奶牛至关重要，因为它调节能量代谢和支持免疫功能。柚林宁,柑橘类水果及其副产品中的主要类黄酮之一，是一种有效的抗氧化剂和抗炎植物成分。该研究旨在评估补充柚皮苷对绩效的影响，全身性炎症,氧化状态，和脂肪组织代谢状态。总共为36头多胎荷斯坦奶牛（从〜21天到产后35天）提供了每头牛30g/d的基础对照（CON）饮食或含有柚皮苷（NAR）的CON饮食。补充NAR增加了原料乳和乳蛋白的产量，不影响干物质的摄入。饲喂NAR的奶牛显示血清非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）水平显着降低（p<0.05），C反应蛋白,IL-1β,IL-6，丙二醛，脂多糖（LPS），天冬氨酸转氨酶,丙氨酸转氨酶,但相对于饲喂CON的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性增加(p<0.05)。补充NAR增加（p<0.05）脂肪组织脂联素丰度，炎症反应减少，并减少氧化应激。脂质组学分析显示,与CON饲喂的奶牛相比,饲喂NAR的奶牛在血清和脂肪组织中具有更低浓度的神经酰胺种类(p<0.05)。脂肪组织蛋白质组学研究表明,与脂肪分解相关的蛋白质,神经酰胺生物合成，炎症,热应激下调(p<0.05)，而与甘油磷脂生物合成和细胞外基质相关的物质上调(p<0.05)。奶牛饲喂NAR可能通过降低血清NEFA和LPS水平和增加脂联素表达来减少神经酰胺的积累。从而减少脂肪组织中的炎症和氧化应激，最终改善他们的全身代谢状态。在围产期奶牛日粮中包括NAR可改善泌乳性能，减少脂肪组织中的过度脂解，减少全身和脂肪组织炎症和氧化应激。整合脂质组学和蛋白质组学数据显示，减少的神经酰胺和增加的甘油磷脂可以缓解脂肪组织中的代谢失调。这反过来又有利于全身代谢状态。
