PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Yak milk, known as the \"liquid gold\", is a nutritious food with extensive consumption. Compared with cow milk, yak milk contains higher levels of nutrients such as dry matter, milk fat, and milk protein, which demonstrates great potential for exploitation and utilization. Protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 (PRKG1) is an important functional molecule in the cGMP signaling pathway, and its significant influence on milk fatty acids has been discovered. The aim of this study is to explore the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PRKG1 gene and the quality traits of Gannan yak milk in order to identify candidate molecular markers for Gannan yak breeding. In this study, genotyping was performed on 172 healthy, 4-5-year-old lactating Gannan yaks with similar body types, naturally grazed, and two to three parity. Three SNPs (g.404195C>T, g.404213C>T, and g.760138T>C) were detected in the PRKG1 gene of Gannan yaks, which were uniformly distributed in the yak population. Linkage disequilibrium analysis was conducted, revealing complete linkage disequilibrium between g.404195C>T and g.404213C>T. After conducting a correlation analysis between SNPs in the PRKG1 gene and milk quality in Gannan yaks, we found that PRKG1 SNPs significantly increased the content of casein, protein, and SNFs in yak milk. Among them, the TT homozygous genotype at the PRKG1 g.404195C>T loci exhibited higher casein and protein contents compared to the CC and CT genotypes (p < 0.05). The SNP g.760138T>C locus was associated with casein, protein, SNFs, and TS traits (p < 0.05). The CC genotype had higher casein and protein contents than the TT and TA genotypes (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in milk fat, lactose, and acidity among the three genotypes (p > 0.05). In summary, PRKG1 gene polymorphism can serve as a candidate molecular marker for improving milk quality in Gannan yaks.
摘要：
牦牛奶,被称为“液体黄金”，是一种具有广泛消费的营养食品。与牛奶相比，牦牛乳中含有较高水平的营养物质，如干物质，牛奶脂肪，和牛奶蛋白，这显示了巨大的开发和利用潜力。蛋白激酶cGMP依赖性1(PRKG1)是cGMP信号通路中的重要功能分子,已经发现了它对牛奶脂肪酸的显著影响。本研究旨在探讨PRKG1基因单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)与赣南牦牛乳品质性状的相关性,以确定赣南牦牛育种的候选分子标记。在这项研究中,对172名健康的人进行了基因分型，4-5岁的泌乳甘南牦牛，体型相似，自然放牧，和两到三个平价。三个SNP（g.404195C>T，g.404213C>T,和g.760138T>C）在赣南牦牛的PRKG1基因中检测到，在牦牛种群中均匀分布。进行了连锁不平衡分析，揭示了g.404195C>T和g.404213C>T之间的完全连锁不平衡。在对赣南牦牛PRKG1基因SNPs与乳品质进行相关性分析后,我们发现PRKG1SNP显著增加酪蛋白的含量，蛋白质，和SNF在牦牛奶中。其中,与CC和CT基因型相比，PRKG1g.404195C>T基因座处的TT纯合基因型表现出更高的酪蛋白和蛋白质含量（p<0.05）。SNPg.760138T>C位点与酪蛋白相关，蛋白质，SNFs,和TS性状(p<0.05)。CC基因型的酪蛋白和蛋白质含量高于TT和TA基因型（p<0.05）。然而,牛奶脂肪没有显著差异，乳糖,三种基因型之间的酸度（p>0.05）。总之,PRKG1基因多态性可作为改善赣南牦牛乳品质的候选分子标记。
