PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Biofilm-related infections pose significant challenges in neonatal and pediatric care, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality rates. These complex microbial communities, comprising bacteria and fungi, exhibit resilience against antibiotics and host immune responses. Bacterial species such as Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis commonly form biofilms on medical devices, exacerbating infection risks. Neonates and children, particularly those in intensive care units, are highly susceptible to biofilm-associated infections due to the prolonged use of invasive devices, such as central lines and endotracheal tubes. Enteral feeding tubes, crucial for neonatal nutritional support, also serve as potential sites for biofilm formation, contributing to recurrent microbial contamination. Moreover, Candida species, including Candida pelliculosa, present emerging challenges in neonatal care, with multi-drug resistant strains posing treatment complexities. Current antimicrobial therapies, while important in managing infections, often fall short in eradicating biofilms, necessitating alternative strategies. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge regarding antibiofilm strategies in neonates and in children. Novel approaches focusing on biofilm inhibition and dispersal show promise, including surface modifications, matrix-degrading enzymes, and quorum-sensing inhibitors. Prudent use of medical devices and exploration of innovative antibiofilm therapies are imperative in mitigating neonatal and pediatric biofilm infections.
摘要：
生物膜相关感染对新生儿和儿科护理构成重大挑战，导致发病率和死亡率增加。这些复杂的微生物群落，包括细菌和真菌，表现出对抗生素和宿主免疫反应的抵抗力。细菌种类，如粪肠球菌，铜绿假单胞菌,金黄色葡萄球菌,表皮葡萄球菌通常在医疗设备上形成生物膜，加剧感染风险。新生儿和孩子们,特别是那些在重症监护室的病人，由于长期使用侵入性设备，极易受到生物膜相关感染，如中心线和气管内导管。肠内营养管，对新生儿营养支持至关重要，也可以作为生物膜形成的潜在位点，导致微生物污染复发。此外，念珠菌,包括白色念珠菌,新生儿护理面临新的挑战，多重耐药菌株构成治疗复杂性。目前的抗菌疗法，虽然在管理感染方面很重要，通常在根除生物膜方面做得不够，需要替代战略。这篇综述的目的是总结有关新生儿和儿童抗生物膜策略的最新知识。专注于生物膜抑制和分散的新方法显示出希望，包括表面改性，基质降解酶，和群体感应抑制剂。谨慎使用医疗设备和探索创新的抗生物膜疗法对于减轻新生儿和儿科生物膜感染至关重要。
