PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
An epilepsy diagnosis reduces a patient\'s quality of life tremendously, and it is a fate shared by over 50 million people worldwide. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is largely considered a nongenetic or acquired form of epilepsy that develops in consequence of neuronal trauma by injury, malformations, inflammation, or a prolonged (febrile) seizure. Although extensive research has been conducted to understand the process of epileptogenesis, a therapeutic approach to stop its manifestation or to reliably cure the disease has yet to be developed. In this review, we briefly summarize the current literature predominately based on data from excitotoxic rodent models on the cellular events proposed to drive epileptogenesis and thoroughly discuss the major molecular pathways involved, with a focus on neurogenesis-related processes and transcription factors. Furthermore, recent investigations emphasized the role of the genetic background for the acquisition of epilepsy, including variants of neurodevelopmental genes. Mutations in associated transcription factors may have the potential to innately increase the vulnerability of the hippocampus to develop epilepsy following an injury-an emerging perspective on the epileptogenic process in acquired forms of epilepsy.
摘要：
癫痫的诊断极大地降低了患者的生活质量，这是全世界5000多万人共同的命运。颞叶癫痫（TLE）在很大程度上被认为是一种非遗传或获得性形式的癫痫，由于神经元损伤而发展。畸形,炎症,或长时间（发热性）癫痫发作。尽管已经进行了广泛的研究来了解癫痫的发生过程，停止其表现或可靠地治愈疾病的治疗方法尚未开发。在这次审查中,我们简要总结了目前的文献主要基于数据从兴奋毒性啮齿动物模型的细胞事件提出驱动癫痫发生和彻底讨论所涉及的主要分子途径，重点研究与神经发生相关的过程和转录因子。此外，最近的调查强调了遗传背景在癫痫发作中的作用，包括神经发育基因的变异。相关转录因子的突变可能具有天生增加海马体在损伤后发展癫痫的脆弱性的潜力-这是获得性癫痫形式的癫痫发生过程的新兴观点。
