PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cartilage, an important connective tissue, provides structural support to other body tissues, and serves as a cushion against impacts throughout the body. Found at the end of the bones, cartilage decreases friction and averts bone-on-bone contact during joint movement. Therefore, defects of cartilage can result from natural wear and tear, or from traumatic events, such as injuries or sudden changes in direction during sports activities. Overtime, these cartilage defects which do not always produce immediate symptoms, could lead to severe clinical pathologies. The emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has revolutionized the field of regenerative medicine, providing a promising platform for generating various cell types for therapeutic applications. Thus, chondrocytes differentiated from iPSCs become a promising avenue for non-invasive clinical interventions for cartilage injuries and diseases. In this review, we aim to highlight the current strategies used for in vitro chondrogenic differentiation of iPSCs and to explore their multifaceted applications in disease modeling, drug screening, and personalized regenerative medicine. Achieving abundant functional iPSC-derived chondrocytes requires optimization of culture conditions, incorporating specific growth factors, and precise temporal control. Continual improvements in differentiation methods and integration of emerging genome editing, organoids, and 3D bioprinting technologies will enhance the translational applications of iPSC-derived chondrocytes. Finally, to unlock the benefits for patients suffering from cartilage diseases through iPSCs-derived technologies in chondrogenesis, automatic cell therapy manufacturing systems will not only reduce human intervention and ensure sterile processes within isolator-like platforms to minimize contamination risks, but also provide customized production processes with enhanced scalability and efficiency.
摘要：
软骨,重要的结缔组织，为其他身体组织提供结构支持，并作为整个身体的冲击缓冲。在骨头的末端发现，软骨在关节运动期间减少摩擦并避免骨对骨接触。因此,软骨的缺陷可能是由自然磨损引起的，或者创伤事件，例如在体育活动中受伤或方向突然改变。加班,这些软骨缺陷并不总是产生直接症状，可能导致严重的临床病理。诱导多能干细胞（iPSCs）的出现彻底改变了再生医学领域，提供用于产生用于治疗应用的各种细胞类型的有前途的平台。因此，从iPSCs分化的软骨细胞成为软骨损伤和疾病的非侵入性临床干预的有希望的途径。在这次审查中,我们旨在强调目前用于iPSCs体外软骨分化的策略，并探索其在疾病建模中的多方面应用，药物筛选,和个性化再生医学。获得丰富的功能iPSC衍生的软骨细胞需要优化培养条件，结合特定的生长因子，和精确的时间控制。分化方法的不断改进和新兴基因组编辑的整合，类器官，和3D生物打印技术将增强iPSC衍生的软骨细胞的转化应用。最后,通过iPSCs衍生的软骨形成技术为患有软骨疾病的患者释放益处，自动细胞治疗制造系统不仅将减少人为干预，并确保类似隔离器的平台内的无菌过程，以最大程度地减少污染风险，而且还提供定制的生产流程，增强了可扩展性和效率。
