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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common dietary disorder caused by fatty changes in the liver parenchyma and hepatocytes without alcohol consumption. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of NAFLD in the Mashhad Persian Cohort Study population.
METHODS: The present population-based cross-sectional study included all PERSIAN Organizational Cohort study in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (POCM), Mashhad, Iran by census sampling method. Eligible participants were divided into two groups due to their NAFLD condition (NAFLD positive or NAFLD negative). All enrolled participants were evaluated based on their clinical aspects, anthropometric measures, laboratory tests, and ultrasound features. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA -version 16). A P-value less than 0.05 was considered as the significance level.
RESULTS: A total of 1198 individuals were included in the study, of which 638 (53.3%) were male and the rest were female. The mean age of the participants was 46.89 ± 8.98 years. A total of 246 patients (20.53%) were NAFLD positive, of which 122 (49.59%) were in grade 1, 112 (45.52%) were in grade 2, and 12 (4.87%) were in grade 3. The prevalence of fatty liver was significantly higher in males than in females (p < 0.001). There were significant differences between NAFLD positive and NAFLD negative participants in terms of having a history of hypertension (P = 0.044), body mass index (P < 0.001), body fat percentage (P = 0.001), waist circumference (P < 0.001), liver craniocaudal length (P = 0.012), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P = 0.047), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.007), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P = 0.001). Further analysis revealed a strong significant association between BMI, previous history of hypertension, higher levels of serum ALT, and NAFLD (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that ultrasound findings accompanied by laboratory AST and ALT level enzymes could be a cost-benefit approach for NAFLD early diagnosis. The craniocaudal size of the liver could be a beneficent marker for estimating the severity of the disease; however, more studies are recommended to evaluate this variable for future practice against the issue.
METHODS: The present population-based cross-sectional study included all PERSIAN Organizational Cohort study in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (POCM), Mashhad, Iran by census sampling method. Eligible participants were divided into two groups due to their NAFLD condition (NAFLD positive or NAFLD negative). All enrolled participants were evaluated based on their clinical aspects, anthropometric measures, laboratory tests, and ultrasound features. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA -version 16). A P-value less than 0.05 was considered as the significance level.
RESULTS: A total of 1198 individuals were included in the study, of which 638 (53.3%) were male and the rest were female. The mean age of the participants was 46.89 ± 8.98 years. A total of 246 patients (20.53%) were NAFLD positive, of which 122 (49.59%) were in grade 1, 112 (45.52%) were in grade 2, and 12 (4.87%) were in grade 3. The prevalence of fatty liver was significantly higher in males than in females (p < 0.001). There were significant differences between NAFLD positive and NAFLD negative participants in terms of having a history of hypertension (P = 0.044), body mass index (P < 0.001), body fat percentage (P = 0.001), waist circumference (P < 0.001), liver craniocaudal length (P = 0.012), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P = 0.047), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.007), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P = 0.001). Further analysis revealed a strong significant association between BMI, previous history of hypertension, higher levels of serum ALT, and NAFLD (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that ultrasound findings accompanied by laboratory AST and ALT level enzymes could be a cost-benefit approach for NAFLD early diagnosis. The craniocaudal size of the liver could be a beneficent marker for estimating the severity of the disease; however, more studies are recommended to evaluate this variable for future practice against the issue.
摘要：
背景：非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是一种常见的饮食失调，由肝脏实质和肝细胞的脂肪变化而不饮酒引起。本研究旨在调查患病率，特点,马什哈德波斯队列研究人群中NAFLD的危险因素。
方法：本基于人群的横断面研究包括马什哈德医科大学（POCM）的所有PERSIAN组织队列研究，马什哈德,伊朗采用普查抽样方法。符合条件的参与者由于其NAFLD状况(NAFLD阳性或NAFLD阴性)而被分为两组。所有入选的参与者都根据他们的临床方面进行了评估，人体测量,实验室测试,和超声特征。使用SPSS软件版本16（SPSSInc.，芝加哥,美国-版本16）。小于0.05的P值被认为是显著性水平。
结果：本研究共纳入1198人，其中638人(53.3%)为男性，其余为女性。参与者的平均年龄为46.89±8.98岁。共有246例患者（20.53%）为NAFLD阳性，其中122（49.59％）为1级，112（45.52％）为2级，12（4.87％）为3级。男性脂肪肝患病率明显高于女性(p<0.001)。有高血压病史的NAFLD阳性和NAFLD阴性参与者之间存在显著差异(P=0.044)。体重指数（P<0.001），体脂百分比（P=0.001），腰围（P<0.001），肝颅尾长度（P=0.012），空腹血糖(FBS)(P=0.047),天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）（P=0.007），丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）（P=0.001）。进一步的分析显示，BMI之间存在很强的显著关联，既往高血压史,血清ALT水平较高，和NAFLD（P<0.05）。
结论：可以得出结论，超声检查结果伴有实验室AST和ALT水平酶可能是NAFLD早期诊断的成本效益方法。肝脏的颅尾大小可能是估计疾病严重程度的有益标记;然而，建议更多的研究来评估这个变量，以便将来针对这个问题进行实践。
方法：本基于人群的横断面研究包括马什哈德医科大学（POCM）的所有PERSIAN组织队列研究，马什哈德,伊朗采用普查抽样方法。符合条件的参与者由于其NAFLD状况(NAFLD阳性或NAFLD阴性)而被分为两组。所有入选的参与者都根据他们的临床方面进行了评估，人体测量,实验室测试,和超声特征。使用SPSS软件版本16（SPSSInc.，芝加哥,美国-版本16）。小于0.05的P值被认为是显著性水平。
结果：本研究共纳入1198人，其中638人(53.3%)为男性，其余为女性。参与者的平均年龄为46.89±8.98岁。共有246例患者（20.53%）为NAFLD阳性，其中122（49.59％）为1级，112（45.52％）为2级，12（4.87％）为3级。男性脂肪肝患病率明显高于女性(p<0.001)。有高血压病史的NAFLD阳性和NAFLD阴性参与者之间存在显著差异(P=0.044)。体重指数（P<0.001），体脂百分比（P=0.001），腰围（P<0.001），肝颅尾长度（P=0.012），空腹血糖(FBS)(P=0.047),天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）（P=0.007），丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）（P=0.001）。进一步的分析显示，BMI之间存在很强的显著关联，既往高血压史,血清ALT水平较高，和NAFLD（P<0.05）。
结论：可以得出结论，超声检查结果伴有实验室AST和ALT水平酶可能是NAFLD早期诊断的成本效益方法。肝脏的颅尾大小可能是估计疾病严重程度的有益标记;然而，建议更多的研究来评估这个变量，以便将来针对这个问题进行实践。
