Abstract：
Breast cancer remains a significant global concern, underscoring the critical need for early detection and prevention strategies. Primary and secondary preventive measures, such as routine screenings and behaviors like breast self-examination (BSE), play a crucial role in facilitating early diagnosis. While the National Health System (NHS) in Italy offers free regular screenings for women aged 50-69, there is a lack of clarity regarding the participation of both Italian and Chinese women residing in Italy in these screening programs. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by thoroughly assessing the involvement in regular clinical check-ups and the types of screening employed, the adherence to free screenings offered by the NHS, and the practice of BSE among women aged 50-69 of these two groups. Furthermore, it investigates their knowledge and perceptions regarding breast cancer and BSE. Results reveal disparities in breast cancer control practice between Italian and Chinese women in Italy: the former demonstrates higher adherence to clinical checkups (53% vs. 3%, p < 0.001), while both groups show low participation in free NHS screenings (70% vs. 4%, p < 0.001). Additionally, Chinese women reported significantly lower frequency of mammography (96% vs. 33%, p < 0.001) and ultrasound (69% vs. 16%, p < 0.001). The frequency of BSE also differed substantially, with 47% of Chinese women never performing BSE compared to 12% of Italian women (p < 0.001). This comprehensive exploration provides valuable insights, attitudes, and knowledge into the disparities and potential areas for improvement in breast cancer prevention, thus contributing to the overall well-being of these communities. The findings highlight the necessity for educational initiatives aimed at improving awareness and participation in screenings, particularly among the Chinese population. These initiatives could have profound implications for patient education by equipping women with the knowledge and skills necessary to engage in proactive health behaviors.
摘要：
乳腺癌仍然是一个重要的全球问题，强调了早期发现和预防策略的迫切需要。主要和次要预防措施，例如常规筛查和乳房自我检查(BSE)等行为，在促进早期诊断中起着至关重要的作用。虽然意大利国家卫生系统（NHS）为50-69岁的女性提供免费的定期筛查，但居住在意大利的意大利和中国妇女参与这些筛查计划的情况缺乏明确性。这项研究旨在通过全面评估参与定期临床检查和筛查类型来弥合这一知识差距。坚持NHS提供的免费筛查，以及这两组中年龄在50-69岁的女性中的疯牛病。此外，它调查了他们对乳腺癌和疯牛病的知识和看法。结果揭示了意大利和中国女性在乳腺癌控制实践方面的差异：前者对临床检查的依从性更高（53％vs.3%,p<0.001)，而两组在免费NHS筛查中的参与率较低(70%vs.4%,p<0.001)。此外,中国女性报告乳房X线照相术的频率显着降低（96％vs.33%,p<0.001）和超声（69%vs.16%,p<0.001)。疯牛病的频率也有很大不同，47%的中国女性从未进行过疯牛病，而意大利女性只有12%(p<0.001)。这种全面的探索提供了宝贵的见解，态度，了解乳腺癌预防的差距和潜在改进领域，从而促进这些社区的整体福祉。调查结果强调，必须采取旨在提高认识和参与筛查的教育举措，尤其是在中国人口中。通过为妇女提供参与主动健康行为所需的知识和技能，这些举措可能对患者教育产生深远的影响。
