Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the history and current trends in the use of scleral grafts in ophthalmology.
METHODS: We conducted a review of the literature through the MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases. The search terms were \"sclera\", \"graft\", and \"surgery\". The search resulted in 1596 articles, of which we evaluated 192 as relevant. The relevant articles were sorted chronologically and according to the method of using scleral grafts, which enabled the development of a review article.
RESULTS: The sclera has been routinely used in ophthalmology since the 1950s in many different indications. Some of these indications have become practically obsolete over time (for example, use in the surgical management of retinal detachment), but a large number still find application today (especially use in glaucoma or oculoplastic surgery, or as a patch for a defect in the sclera or cornea).
CONCLUSIONS: Even though allogeneic sclera is currently used less frequently in ophthalmology compared to other tissue banking products and the range of its indications has partially narrowed, it remains a useful material due to its availability and properties.
METHODS: We conducted a review of the literature through the MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases. The search terms were \"sclera\", \"graft\", and \"surgery\". The search resulted in 1596 articles, of which we evaluated 192 as relevant. The relevant articles were sorted chronologically and according to the method of using scleral grafts, which enabled the development of a review article.
RESULTS: The sclera has been routinely used in ophthalmology since the 1950s in many different indications. Some of these indications have become practically obsolete over time (for example, use in the surgical management of retinal detachment), but a large number still find application today (especially use in glaucoma or oculoplastic surgery, or as a patch for a defect in the sclera or cornea).
CONCLUSIONS: Even though allogeneic sclera is currently used less frequently in ophthalmology compared to other tissue banking products and the range of its indications has partially narrowed, it remains a useful material due to its availability and properties.
摘要：
目的：总结巩膜移植物在眼科中的使用历史和当前趋势。
方法：我们通过MEDLINE和CochraneLibrary数据库对文献进行了综述。搜索词为“巩膜”，\"移植\",和“手术”。搜索产生了1596篇文章，其中192项评估为相关。相关文章按时间顺序排序，并根据使用巩膜移植物的方法，这使得一篇评论文章的发展成为可能。
结果：自1950年代以来，巩膜已在许多不同的适应症中常规用于眼科。随着时间的推移，其中一些适应症实际上已经过时(例如，用于视网膜脱离的外科治疗)，但是今天仍然有大量的应用(特别是在青光眼或眼部整形手术中使用，或作为巩膜或角膜缺陷的贴片)。
结论：尽管与其他组织库产品相比，目前同种异体巩膜在眼科中的使用频率较低，并且其适应症的范围已部分缩小，由于其可用性和性质，它仍然是一种有用的材料。
方法：我们通过MEDLINE和CochraneLibrary数据库对文献进行了综述。搜索词为“巩膜”，\"移植\",和“手术”。搜索产生了1596篇文章，其中192项评估为相关。相关文章按时间顺序排序，并根据使用巩膜移植物的方法，这使得一篇评论文章的发展成为可能。
结果：自1950年代以来，巩膜已在许多不同的适应症中常规用于眼科。随着时间的推移，其中一些适应症实际上已经过时(例如，用于视网膜脱离的外科治疗)，但是今天仍然有大量的应用(特别是在青光眼或眼部整形手术中使用，或作为巩膜或角膜缺陷的贴片)。
结论：尽管与其他组织库产品相比，目前同种异体巩膜在眼科中的使用频率较低，并且其适应症的范围已部分缩小，由于其可用性和性质，它仍然是一种有用的材料。
