Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors and trends for vaginal cancer.
METHODS: Retrospective observational design.
METHODS: Data were collected from multiple sources, including the Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus, Global Burden of Disease, World Bank and the United Nations.
METHODS: Individuals diagnosed with vaginal cancer.
METHODS: The study collected data on vaginal cancer from the specified sources. The age-standardised rate (ASR) of vaginal cancer was calculated for different regions and age groups. Multivariable and univariable linear regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between risk factors and the incidence of vaginal cancer. Trend analysis was conducted using joinpoint regression analysis, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated to quantify the temporal trend.
METHODS: The main outcome measures of the study were the incidence of vaginal cancer, risk factors associated with the disease and the trend of its incidence over time.
RESULTS: There were 17 908 newly reported cases of vaginal cancer (ASR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.30-0.44) in 2020, with the highest ASRs reported in South-Central Asia and Southern Africa. Risk factors associated with a higher incidence of vaginal cancer included a higher prevalence of unsafe sex and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The temporal trend showed an overall rising incidence globally, with Iceland (AAPC = 29.56, 95% CI 12.12-49.71), Chile (AAPC = 22.83, 95% CI 13.20-33.27), Bahrain (AAPC = 22.05, 95% CI 10.83-34.40) and the UK (AAPC = 1.40, 95% CI 0.41-2.39) demonstrating the most significant rising trends.
CONCLUSIONS: The significant regional disparities and risk factors associated with vaginal cancer underscore the necessity for targeted interventions and education, particularly in regions with a lower human development index (HDI) and a higher prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The increasing incidence trend emphasises the need for enhanced HPV vaccination rates to prevent the development of vaginal cancer.
METHODS: Retrospective observational design.
METHODS: Data were collected from multiple sources, including the Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus, Global Burden of Disease, World Bank and the United Nations.
METHODS: Individuals diagnosed with vaginal cancer.
METHODS: The study collected data on vaginal cancer from the specified sources. The age-standardised rate (ASR) of vaginal cancer was calculated for different regions and age groups. Multivariable and univariable linear regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between risk factors and the incidence of vaginal cancer. Trend analysis was conducted using joinpoint regression analysis, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated to quantify the temporal trend.
METHODS: The main outcome measures of the study were the incidence of vaginal cancer, risk factors associated with the disease and the trend of its incidence over time.
RESULTS: There were 17 908 newly reported cases of vaginal cancer (ASR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.30-0.44) in 2020, with the highest ASRs reported in South-Central Asia and Southern Africa. Risk factors associated with a higher incidence of vaginal cancer included a higher prevalence of unsafe sex and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The temporal trend showed an overall rising incidence globally, with Iceland (AAPC = 29.56, 95% CI 12.12-49.71), Chile (AAPC = 22.83, 95% CI 13.20-33.27), Bahrain (AAPC = 22.05, 95% CI 10.83-34.40) and the UK (AAPC = 1.40, 95% CI 0.41-2.39) demonstrating the most significant rising trends.
CONCLUSIONS: The significant regional disparities and risk factors associated with vaginal cancer underscore the necessity for targeted interventions and education, particularly in regions with a lower human development index (HDI) and a higher prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The increasing incidence trend emphasises the need for enhanced HPV vaccination rates to prevent the development of vaginal cancer.
摘要：
目的：本研究旨在调查发病率，阴道癌的危险因素和趋势。
方法：回顾性观察设计。
方法：从多个来源收集数据，包括全球癌症观察站,五大洲的癌症发病率，全球疾病负担,世界银行和联合国。
方法：诊断为阴道癌的个体。
方法：该研究从指定来源收集了有关阴道癌的数据。计算了不同地区和年龄组的阴道癌的年龄标准化率（ASR）。进行了多变量和单变量线性回归分析，以检查危险因素与阴道癌发病率之间的关联。趋势分析采用连接点回归分析，并计算平均年百分比变化(AAPC)以量化时间趋势。
方法：本研究的主要结局指标是阴道癌的发病率，与该疾病相关的危险因素及其发病率随时间的趋势。
结果：2020年有17908例新报告的阴道癌病例（ASR=0.36，95％CI0.30-0.44），其中南亚和南部非洲报告的ASR最高。与较高的阴道癌发病率相关的危险因素包括较高的不安全性行为和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染。时间趋势显示全球发病率总体上升，与冰岛（AAPC=29.56，95%CI12.12-49.71），智利（AAPC=22.83，95%CI13.20-33.27），巴林（AAPC=22.05，95％CI10.83-34.40）和英国（AAPC=1.40，95％CI0.41-2.39）显示出最显著的上升趋势。
结论：与阴道癌相关的显著地区差异和危险因素强调了有针对性的干预和教育的必要性，特别是在人类发展指数（HDI）较低和人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染率较高的地区。发病率增加的趋势强调需要提高HPV疫苗接种率以预防阴道癌的发展。
方法：回顾性观察设计。
方法：从多个来源收集数据，包括全球癌症观察站,五大洲的癌症发病率，全球疾病负担,世界银行和联合国。
方法：诊断为阴道癌的个体。
方法：该研究从指定来源收集了有关阴道癌的数据。计算了不同地区和年龄组的阴道癌的年龄标准化率（ASR）。进行了多变量和单变量线性回归分析，以检查危险因素与阴道癌发病率之间的关联。趋势分析采用连接点回归分析，并计算平均年百分比变化(AAPC)以量化时间趋势。
方法：本研究的主要结局指标是阴道癌的发病率，与该疾病相关的危险因素及其发病率随时间的趋势。
结果：2020年有17908例新报告的阴道癌病例（ASR=0.36，95％CI0.30-0.44），其中南亚和南部非洲报告的ASR最高。与较高的阴道癌发病率相关的危险因素包括较高的不安全性行为和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染。时间趋势显示全球发病率总体上升，与冰岛（AAPC=29.56，95%CI12.12-49.71），智利（AAPC=22.83，95%CI13.20-33.27），巴林（AAPC=22.05，95％CI10.83-34.40）和英国（AAPC=1.40，95％CI0.41-2.39）显示出最显著的上升趋势。
结论：与阴道癌相关的显著地区差异和危险因素强调了有针对性的干预和教育的必要性，特别是在人类发展指数（HDI）较低和人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染率较高的地区。发病率增加的趋势强调需要提高HPV疫苗接种率以预防阴道癌的发展。
