Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: In a preregistered study, we examined whether worries about COVID-19 are simultaneously linked with enhanced well-being through social interaction and with reduced well-being through depression symptoms.
METHODS: In August 2020, census-matched participants from high- and low-prevalence regions in the United States and Italy (N = 857) completed assessments of COVID-19 worry, social interaction, depression symptoms, and well-being.
RESULTS: Worries about COVID-19 predicted both more social interaction and more depression (ps < 0.001). In multiple mediational analyses, an adaptive pathway of COVID-19 worry through social interaction was associated with higher well-being, whereas a maladaptive pathway through depression symptoms was associated with lower well-being. Further, a comparison of high and low COVID-19 prevalence regions replicated the mediational findings for social interaction, providing evidence against reverse causation and common method variance.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that normative worries about acute stressors may both benefit and undermine well-being, depending on their impact on social behavior or depression symptoms.
METHODS: In August 2020, census-matched participants from high- and low-prevalence regions in the United States and Italy (N = 857) completed assessments of COVID-19 worry, social interaction, depression symptoms, and well-being.
RESULTS: Worries about COVID-19 predicted both more social interaction and more depression (ps < 0.001). In multiple mediational analyses, an adaptive pathway of COVID-19 worry through social interaction was associated with higher well-being, whereas a maladaptive pathway through depression symptoms was associated with lower well-being. Further, a comparison of high and low COVID-19 prevalence regions replicated the mediational findings for social interaction, providing evidence against reverse causation and common method variance.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that normative worries about acute stressors may both benefit and undermine well-being, depending on their impact on social behavior or depression symptoms.
摘要：
目的：在一项预先登记的研究中，我们研究了对COVID-19的担忧是否同时与通过社交互动提高的幸福感和通过抑郁症状降低的幸福感相关。
方法：2020年8月，来自美国和意大利高流行和低流行地区的人口普查匹配参与者（N=857）完成了对COVID-19担忧的评估，社交互动,抑郁症状,和幸福。
结果：对COVID-19的担忧预测了更多的社交互动和更多的抑郁（ps<0.001）。在多重中介分析中，通过社交互动的COVID-19担忧的适应性途径与更高的幸福感有关，而通过抑郁症状的适应不良途径与较低的幸福感相关。Further,对COVID-19高患病率和低患病率地区的比较复制了社交互动的中介结果，提供反对反向因果关系和常见方法差异的证据。
结论：研究结果表明，对急性压力源的规范性担忧可能既有利于又损害幸福感，取决于它们对社会行为或抑郁症状的影响。
方法：2020年8月，来自美国和意大利高流行和低流行地区的人口普查匹配参与者（N=857）完成了对COVID-19担忧的评估，社交互动,抑郁症状,和幸福。
结果：对COVID-19的担忧预测了更多的社交互动和更多的抑郁（ps<0.001）。在多重中介分析中，通过社交互动的COVID-19担忧的适应性途径与更高的幸福感有关，而通过抑郁症状的适应不良途径与较低的幸福感相关。Further,对COVID-19高患病率和低患病率地区的比较复制了社交互动的中介结果，提供反对反向因果关系和常见方法差异的证据。
结论：研究结果表明，对急性压力源的规范性担忧可能既有利于又损害幸福感，取决于它们对社会行为或抑郁症状的影响。
