Abstract：
Seamounts are ecological oases nurturing abundant fisheries resources and epibenthic megafauna in the vast oligotrophic ocean. Despite their significance, the formation mechanisms underlying these seamount ecological oases remain uncertain. To shed light on this phenomenon, this study conducted interdisciplinary in situ observations focusing on a shallow seamount in the oligotrophic ocean. The findings show that the seamount\'s topography interferes with the oceanic current to generate lee waves, effectively enhancing the nutrient supply to the euphotic layer downstream of the seamount. This continuous supply enhances phytoplankton biomass and subsequently the grazing and diurnal vertical migration of zooplankton, rapidly transporting the augmented phytoplankton biomass to the aphotic layer. Unlike the cyclonic eddies that move in the upper ocean, seamounts stand at fixed locations creating a more efficient and steady active transport loop. This active transport loop connects the euphotic and twilight zones, potentially conveying nourishment to benthic ecosystems to create stereoscopic oases in the oligotrophic ocean.
摘要：
海山是生态绿洲，在广阔的贫营养海洋中孕育着丰富的渔业资源和表栖大型动物。尽管意义重大,这些海山生态绿洲的形成机制仍不确定。为了揭示这种现象，这项研究进行了跨学科的原位观测，重点是贫营养海洋中的浅海山。研究结果表明，海山的地形干扰了洋流，产生了背风波，有效地增强了对海山下游富营养层的营养供应。这种持续的供应增加了浮游植物的生物量，随后增加了浮游动物的放牧和昼夜垂直迁移，将增加的浮游植物生物量快速运输到无源层。与在上层海洋中移动的气旋漩涡不同，海山站在固定的位置，创造一个更有效和稳定的主动运输回路。这个主动传输回路连接了共光和暮光区，潜在的向底栖生态系统输送营养，在贫营养海洋中创造立体绿洲。
