Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3-PUFA) are essential to normal neural development and function. Souvenaid®, a medical supplement that contains n-3-PUFA\'s: eicosatetraenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has emerged as an alternative, slowing cognitive decline in AD patients. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with n-3-PUFA, EPA, DHA, and Souvenaid® in AD patients.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to establish the relationship between n-3-PUFA, EPA, DHA, and Souvenaid® with cognitive effects, ventricular volume and adverse events in AD patients.
METHODS: A systematic search of randomized control trials (RCT), cohorts, and case-control studies was done in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase for AD adult patients with dietary supplementation with n-3-PUFA, EPA, DHA, or Souvenaid® between 2003 and 2024.
RESULTS: We identified 14 studies with 2766 subjects aligned with our criteria. Most publications described positive cognitive outcomes from supplements (58%). The most common adverse events reported were gastrointestinal symptoms. CDR scale showed reduced progression of cognitive decline (SMD = -0.4127, 95% CI: [-0.5926; -0.2327]), without subgroup differences between different dietary supplement interventions. ADCS-ADL, MMSE, ADAS-cog, adverse events, and ventricular volume did not demonstrate significant differences. However, Souvenaid® showed a significant negative effect (SMD = -0.3593, 95% CI: -0.5834 to -0.1352) in ventricular volumes.
CONCLUSIONS: The CDR scale showed reduced progression of cognitive decline among patients with n-3-PUFA supplemental interventions, with no differences between different n-3-PUFA supplements.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to establish the relationship between n-3-PUFA, EPA, DHA, and Souvenaid® with cognitive effects, ventricular volume and adverse events in AD patients.
METHODS: A systematic search of randomized control trials (RCT), cohorts, and case-control studies was done in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase for AD adult patients with dietary supplementation with n-3-PUFA, EPA, DHA, or Souvenaid® between 2003 and 2024.
RESULTS: We identified 14 studies with 2766 subjects aligned with our criteria. Most publications described positive cognitive outcomes from supplements (58%). The most common adverse events reported were gastrointestinal symptoms. CDR scale showed reduced progression of cognitive decline (SMD = -0.4127, 95% CI: [-0.5926; -0.2327]), without subgroup differences between different dietary supplement interventions. ADCS-ADL, MMSE, ADAS-cog, adverse events, and ventricular volume did not demonstrate significant differences. However, Souvenaid® showed a significant negative effect (SMD = -0.3593, 95% CI: -0.5834 to -0.1352) in ventricular volumes.
CONCLUSIONS: The CDR scale showed reduced progression of cognitive decline among patients with n-3-PUFA supplemental interventions, with no differences between different n-3-PUFA supplements.
摘要：
背景：阿尔茨海默病（AD）是全球范围内痴呆的最常见原因。Omega-3脂肪酸（n-3-PUFA）对正常的神经发育和功能至关重要。Souvenaid®,含有n-3-PUFA的医疗补充剂：二十碳四烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），已经成为一种选择，减缓AD患者的认知功能下降。在这项研究中,我们调查了膳食补充n-3-PUFA的效果，EPA,DHA,和Souvenaid®在AD患者中。
目的：本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在建立n-3-PUFA，EPA,DHA,和具有认知效果的Souvenaid®，AD患者的心室容积和不良事件。
方法：对随机对照试验（RCT）的系统搜索，同伙,病例对照研究在PubMed进行，Scopus,WebofScience,科克伦,和Embase的AD成人患者饮食补充n-3-PUFA，EPA,DHA,或2003年至2024年之间的Souvenaid®。
结果：我们确定了14项研究，其中2766名受试者符合我们的标准。大多数出版物描述了补充剂的积极认知结果(58%)。报告的最常见的不良事件是胃肠道症状。CDR量表显示认知下降的进展减少(SMD=-0.4127,95%CI:[-0.5926;-0.2327]),不同膳食补充剂干预措施之间没有亚组差异。ADCS-ADL,MMSE,ADAS-cog,不良事件,和心室容积没有显着差异。然而,Souvenaid®在心室容积方面显示出显着的负面影响（SMD=-0.3593，95％CI：-0.5834至-0.1352）。
结论：CDR量表显示n-3-PUFA补充干预的患者认知功能下降的进展减少，不同的n-3-PUFA补充剂之间没有差异。
目的：本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在建立n-3-PUFA，EPA,DHA,和具有认知效果的Souvenaid®，AD患者的心室容积和不良事件。
方法：对随机对照试验（RCT）的系统搜索，同伙,病例对照研究在PubMed进行，Scopus,WebofScience,科克伦,和Embase的AD成人患者饮食补充n-3-PUFA，EPA,DHA,或2003年至2024年之间的Souvenaid®。
结果：我们确定了14项研究，其中2766名受试者符合我们的标准。大多数出版物描述了补充剂的积极认知结果(58%)。报告的最常见的不良事件是胃肠道症状。CDR量表显示认知下降的进展减少(SMD=-0.4127,95%CI:[-0.5926;-0.2327]),不同膳食补充剂干预措施之间没有亚组差异。ADCS-ADL,MMSE,ADAS-cog,不良事件,和心室容积没有显着差异。然而,Souvenaid®在心室容积方面显示出显着的负面影响（SMD=-0.3593，95％CI：-0.5834至-0.1352）。
结论：CDR量表显示n-3-PUFA补充干预的患者认知功能下降的进展减少，不同的n-3-PUFA补充剂之间没有差异。
