Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser debonding of zirconia and lithium disilicate restorations is increasingly used for a range of clinical applications. Using rotary instruments to remove such restorations for any purpose has proven to be challenging. Erbium laser has been reported to be a conservative method for removing ceramic restorations. There is little data in the literature about the effect of adhesive resin cement type on the debonding time of the ceramic restoration using the Er:YAG laser.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the time required for the Er:YAG laser to debond zirconia and lithium disilicate crowns bonded with a 2- and 1-bottle adhesive resin cement systems.
METHODS: Forty extracted premolar teeth were prepared and scanned for milled 40 CAD/CAM crowns. Teeth were randomly assigned into groups (n = 10 per group): 3 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia crowns 3Y-PSZ (G1a) bonded with Panavia™ V5 (2-bottle adhesive resin cement), Zirconia 3Y-PSZ crowns (G1b) bonded with RelyX™ Ultimate (1-bottle adhesive resin cement), and for the lithium disilicate crowns bonded with the two types of cements (G2a, G2b). Each specimen was irradiated with an Er:YAG laser at 335 mJ, 15 Hz, 5.0 W, and 50-ms pulse duration (super short pulse mode). The irradiation time required for crowns to be successfully debonded was recorded for each specimen. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc test (p < 0.05), at the 95 percent level of confidence. The intaglio surface of the debonded crown was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
RESULTS: The mean ± standard deviation times needed for crown debonding were 5.75 ± 2.00 min for the G1a group, 4.79 ± 1.20 min for group G1b, 1.69 ± 0.49 min for group G2a, and 1.12 ± 0.17 for group G2b. There was no statistically significant difference in debonding time between the 2- and 1- bottle adhesive resin cement within the groups G1a and b (p = 0.2914), or between groups G2a b (p = 0.7116). A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between groups G1a and G2a and b and between groups G1b and G2a and b were SEM analysis showed no changes in the microstructure of the ceramic surface after Er:YAG laser irradiation.
CONCLUSIONS: Zirconia and lithium disilicate restorations can be debonded using Er:YAG lasers in a safe and efficient manner. There is no significant difference in the debonding time between the 2- and 1- bottle adhesive resin cement systems used in this study.
CONCLUSIONS: Retrieving zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramics can be a challenging process when using diamond rotary instruments. ER:YAG lasers may efficiently debond these ceramics from the tooth structure, independent of the bonding process used for bonding them.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the time required for the Er:YAG laser to debond zirconia and lithium disilicate crowns bonded with a 2- and 1-bottle adhesive resin cement systems.
METHODS: Forty extracted premolar teeth were prepared and scanned for milled 40 CAD/CAM crowns. Teeth were randomly assigned into groups (n = 10 per group): 3 mol% yttria-partially stabilized zirconia crowns 3Y-PSZ (G1a) bonded with Panavia™ V5 (2-bottle adhesive resin cement), Zirconia 3Y-PSZ crowns (G1b) bonded with RelyX™ Ultimate (1-bottle adhesive resin cement), and for the lithium disilicate crowns bonded with the two types of cements (G2a, G2b). Each specimen was irradiated with an Er:YAG laser at 335 mJ, 15 Hz, 5.0 W, and 50-ms pulse duration (super short pulse mode). The irradiation time required for crowns to be successfully debonded was recorded for each specimen. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc test (p < 0.05), at the 95 percent level of confidence. The intaglio surface of the debonded crown was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
RESULTS: The mean ± standard deviation times needed for crown debonding were 5.75 ± 2.00 min for the G1a group, 4.79 ± 1.20 min for group G1b, 1.69 ± 0.49 min for group G2a, and 1.12 ± 0.17 for group G2b. There was no statistically significant difference in debonding time between the 2- and 1- bottle adhesive resin cement within the groups G1a and b (p = 0.2914), or between groups G2a b (p = 0.7116). A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between groups G1a and G2a and b and between groups G1b and G2a and b were SEM analysis showed no changes in the microstructure of the ceramic surface after Er:YAG laser irradiation.
CONCLUSIONS: Zirconia and lithium disilicate restorations can be debonded using Er:YAG lasers in a safe and efficient manner. There is no significant difference in the debonding time between the 2- and 1- bottle adhesive resin cement systems used in this study.
CONCLUSIONS: Retrieving zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramics can be a challenging process when using diamond rotary instruments. ER:YAG lasers may efficiently debond these ceramics from the tooth structure, independent of the bonding process used for bonding them.
摘要：
背景氧化锆和二硅酸锂修复体的掺铒钇-铝-石榴石(Er:YAG)激光脱粘越来越多地用于一系列临床应用。使用旋转仪器来移除用于任何目的的这种修复体已被证明是具有挑战性的。据报道，铒激光是去除陶瓷修复体的保守方法。文献中关于使用Er：YAG激光的粘合剂树脂水泥类型对陶瓷修复体的脱粘时间的影响的数据很少。
目的：评估和比较Er：YAG激光器剥离用2瓶和1瓶粘合剂树脂水泥体系粘合的氧化锆和二硅酸锂牙冠所需的时间。
方法：准备了40颗拔除的前磨牙，并扫描了40颗CAD/CAM牙冠。将牙齿随机分组（每组n=10）：3mol％氧化钇部分稳定的氧化锆冠3Y-PSZ（G1a）与Panavia™V5（2瓶粘合剂树脂水泥）粘合，氧化锆3Y-PSZ冠(G1b)用RelyX™Ultimate(1瓶粘合剂树脂水泥)粘合,对于与两种类型的水泥粘结的二硅酸锂冠(G2a，G2b).每个样品用Er:YAG激光以335mJ照射，15Hz,5.0W,和50毫秒脉冲持续时间（超短脉冲模式）。记录每个样品成功脱粘牙冠所需的辐照时间。数据采用方差分析和TukeyHSD事后检验进行统计分析（p<0.05），在95%的信心水平上。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了脱粘牙冠的凹版表面。
结果：G1a组牙冠脱粘所需的平均值±标准偏差时间为5.75±2.00分钟，G1b组4.79±1.20min,G2a组1.69±0.49min,G2b组为1.12±0.17。在G1a和b组中，2-和1-瓶粘合剂树脂水泥之间的脱粘时间没有统计学上的显着差异（p=0.2914），或G2ab组之间(p=0.7116)。在G1a和G2a和b组之间以及G1b和G2a和b组之间发现了统计学上的显着差异（p<0.05），SEM分析显示在Er：YAG激光照射后陶瓷表面的微观结构没有变化。
结论：氧化锆和二硅酸锂修复体可以使用Er:YAG激光以安全有效的方式脱粘。本研究中使用的2-和1-瓶粘合剂树脂水泥体系的脱粘时间没有显着差异。
结论：使用金刚石旋转仪器时，回收氧化锆和二硅酸锂陶瓷可能是一个具有挑战性的过程。ER:YAG激光器可以有效地从牙齿结构中剥离这些陶瓷，独立于用于粘合它们的粘合过程。
目的：评估和比较Er：YAG激光器剥离用2瓶和1瓶粘合剂树脂水泥体系粘合的氧化锆和二硅酸锂牙冠所需的时间。
方法：准备了40颗拔除的前磨牙，并扫描了40颗CAD/CAM牙冠。将牙齿随机分组（每组n=10）：3mol％氧化钇部分稳定的氧化锆冠3Y-PSZ（G1a）与Panavia™V5（2瓶粘合剂树脂水泥）粘合，氧化锆3Y-PSZ冠(G1b)用RelyX™Ultimate(1瓶粘合剂树脂水泥)粘合,对于与两种类型的水泥粘结的二硅酸锂冠(G2a，G2b).每个样品用Er:YAG激光以335mJ照射，15Hz,5.0W,和50毫秒脉冲持续时间（超短脉冲模式）。记录每个样品成功脱粘牙冠所需的辐照时间。数据采用方差分析和TukeyHSD事后检验进行统计分析（p<0.05），在95%的信心水平上。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析了脱粘牙冠的凹版表面。
结果：G1a组牙冠脱粘所需的平均值±标准偏差时间为5.75±2.00分钟，G1b组4.79±1.20min,G2a组1.69±0.49min,G2b组为1.12±0.17。在G1a和b组中，2-和1-瓶粘合剂树脂水泥之间的脱粘时间没有统计学上的显着差异（p=0.2914），或G2ab组之间(p=0.7116)。在G1a和G2a和b组之间以及G1b和G2a和b组之间发现了统计学上的显着差异（p<0.05），SEM分析显示在Er：YAG激光照射后陶瓷表面的微观结构没有变化。
结论：氧化锆和二硅酸锂修复体可以使用Er:YAG激光以安全有效的方式脱粘。本研究中使用的2-和1-瓶粘合剂树脂水泥体系的脱粘时间没有显着差异。
结论：使用金刚石旋转仪器时，回收氧化锆和二硅酸锂陶瓷可能是一个具有挑战性的过程。ER:YAG激光器可以有效地从牙齿结构中剥离这些陶瓷，独立于用于粘合它们的粘合过程。
