PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Chryseobacteria consists of important human pathogens that can cause a myriad of nosocomial infections. We isolated four multidrug-resistant Chryseobacterium bacteria from activated sludge collected at domestic wastewater treatment facilities in the New York Metropolitan area. Their genomes were sequenced with Nanopore technology and used for a comprehensive resistomics comparison with 211 Chryseobacterium genomes available in the public databases. A majority of Chryseobacteria harbor 3 or more antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with the potential to confer resistance to at least two types of commonly prescribed antimicrobials. The most abundant ARGs, including β-lactam class A (blaCGA-1 and blaCIA) and class B (blaCGB-1 and blaIND) and aminoglycoside (ranA and ranB), are considered potentially intrinsic in Chryseobacteria. Notably, we reported a new resistance cluster consisting of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene catB11, a tetracycline resistance gene tetX, and two mobile genetic elements (MGEs), IS91 family transposase and XerD recombinase. Both catB11 and tetX are statistically enriched in clinical isolates as compared to those with environmental origins. In addition, two other ARGs encoding aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase (aadS) and the small multidrug resistance pump (abeS), respectively, are found co-located with MGEs encoding recombinases (e.g., RecA and XerD) or transposases, suggesting their high transmissibility among Chryseobacteria and across the Bacteroidota phylum, particularly those with high pathogenicity. High resistance to different classes of β-lactam, as well as other commonly used antimicrobials (i.e., kanamycin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol), was confirmed and assessed using our isolates to determine their minimum inhibitory concentrations. Collectively, though the majority of ARGs in Chryseobacteria are intrinsic, the discovery of a new resistance cluster and the co-existence of several ARGs and MGEs corroborate interspecies and intergenera transfer, which may accelerate their dissemination in clinical environments and complicate efforts to combat bacterial infections.
摘要：
金细菌由重要的人类病原体组成，可引起无数的医院感染。我们从纽约都会区生活污水处理设施收集的活性污泥中分离出了四种耐多药的金杆菌细菌。使用Nanopore技术对他们的基因组进行了测序，并将其与公共数据库中提供的211个金杆菌基因组进行了全面的抗性组学比较。大多数金细菌具有3个或更多个抗生素抗性基因(ARGs),其具有赋予对至少两种类型的常用抗微生物剂的抗性的潜力。最丰富的ARG，包括β-内酰胺A类（blaCGA-1和blaCIA）和B类（blaCGB-1和blaIND）和氨基糖苷（ranA和ranB），被认为是金细菌的潜在内在特征。值得注意的是,我们报道了一个新的抗性簇，由氯霉素乙酰转移酶基因catB11，四环素抗性基因tetX，和两个可移动遗传元件(MGEs)，IS91家族转座酶和XerD重组酶。与具有环境起源的那些相比,catB11和tetX在临床分离株中都在统计学上富集。此外,另外两个ARGs编码氨基糖苷腺苷酰转移酶（aadS）和小多药耐药泵（abeS），分别,发现与编码重组酶的MGE共位(例如，RecA和XerD)或转座酶，这表明它们在金黄细菌之间和穿过类杆菌门的高度传播性，特别是那些具有高致病性的。对不同种类的β-内酰胺具有很高的抗性，以及其他常用的抗菌剂(即，卡那霉素,庆大霉素,和氯霉素），使用我们的分离株进行确认和评估，以确定其最低抑制浓度。总的来说，尽管金细菌中的大多数ARGs是内在的，新的抗性簇的发现以及几个ARGs和MGE的共存证实了种间和属间转移，这可能会加速它们在临床环境中的传播，并使对抗细菌感染的努力复杂化。
