Abstract：
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an intracellular organelle that contributes to the folding of proteins and calcium homeostasis. Numerous elements can disrupt its function, leading to the accumulation of proteins that are unfolded or misfolded in the lumen of the ER, a condition that is known as ER stress. This phenomenon can trigger cell death through the activation of apoptosis and inflammation. Glucoraphanin (GRA) is the predominant glucosinolate found in cruciferous vegetables. Various mechanical and biochemical processes activate the enzyme myrosinase, leading to the hydrolysis of glucoraphanin into the bioactive compound sulforaphane. Sulforaphane is an organosulfur compound that belongs to the isothiocyanate group. It possesses a wide range of activities and has shown remarkable potential as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-angiogenic substance. Additionally, sulforaphane is resistant to oxidation, has been demonstrated to have low toxicity, and is considered well-tolerable in individuals. These properties make it a valuable natural dietary supplement for research purposes. Sulforaphane has been demonstrated as a potential candidate drug molecule for managing a range of diseases, primarily because of its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, which can be mediated by modulation of ER stress pathways. This review seeks to cover a wealth of data supporting the broad range of protective functions of sulforaphane, improving various diseases, such as cardiovascular, central nervous system, liver, eye, and reproductive diseases, as well as diabetes, cancer, gastroenteritis, and osteoarthritis, through the amelioration of ER stress in both in vivo and in vitro studies.
摘要：
内质网（ER）是一种细胞内细胞器，有助于蛋白质的折叠和钙稳态。许多元素可以破坏它的功能，导致内质网内腔中展开或错误折叠的蛋白质积累，一种被称为ER压力的条件。这种现象可以通过激活细胞凋亡和炎症来触发细胞死亡。葡萄糖苷（GRA）是在十字花科蔬菜中发现的主要芥子油苷。各种机械和生化过程激活黑芥子酶，导致胰高血糖素水解为生物活性化合物萝卜硫烷。萝卜硫烷是属于异硫氰酸酯基团的有机硫化合物。它具有广泛的活性，并显示出显着的潜力作为一种抗炎，抗氧化剂，抗肿瘤，和抗血管生成物质。此外,萝卜硫烷抗氧化，已被证明具有低毒性，并且在个人中被认为是可以忍受的。这些特性使其成为用于研究目的的有价值的天然膳食补充剂。萝卜硫素已被证明是管理一系列疾病的潜在候选药物分子，主要是因为它强大的抗氧化剂，抗炎,和抗凋亡特性，这可以通过调节内质网应激途径来介导。本综述旨在涵盖大量数据，支持萝卜硫素的广泛保护功能，改善各种疾病，比如心血管，中枢神经系统,肝脏,眼睛,和生殖疾病，以及糖尿病，癌症,胃肠炎,和骨关节炎，通过改善体内和体外研究中的内质网应激。
