PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Air pollution is one of the major global public health challenges. Using annual fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration data from 2016 to 2021, along with the global exposure mortality model (GEMM), we estimated the multi-year PM2.5-pollution-related deaths divided by different age groups and diseases. Then, using the VSL (value of statistical life) method, we assessed corresponding economic losses and values. The number of deaths attributed to PM2.5 in Beijing in 2021 fell by 33.74 percent from 2016, while health economic losses would increase by USD 4.4 billion as per capita disposable income increases year by year. In 2021, the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in half of Beijing\'s municipal administrative districts is less than China\'s secondary ambient air quality standard (35 μg/m3), but it can still cause 48,969 deaths and corresponding health and economic losses of USD 16.31 billion, equivalent to 7.9 percent of Beijing\'s GDP. Therefore, it is suggested that more stringent local air quality standards should be designated to protect public health in Beijing.
摘要：
空气污染是全球公共卫生的主要挑战之一。使用2016年至2021年的年度细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度数据，以及全球暴露死亡率模型（GEMM），我们估计了与PM2.5污染相关的多年死亡人数,按不同年龄组和疾病划分.然后，使用VSL(统计寿命值)方法，我们评估了相应的经济损失和价值。北京2021年PM2.5导致的死亡人数比2016年下降了33.74％，而随着人均可支配收入的逐年增加，健康经济损失将增加44亿美元。到2021年，北京一半的市级行政区的PM2.5年均浓度低于中国的环境空气质量二级标准（35μg/m3），但仍可造成48969人死亡，相应的健康和经济损失163.1亿美元，相当于北京GDP的7.9%。因此,建议在北京制定更严格的地方空气质量标准，以保护公众健康。
