PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Management of breeding stallions is crucial to equine reproduction. The longevity of the breeding career is the ultimate objective, whether the stallion is used for natural cover or for semen collection and artificial insemination. Stud farm veterinarians should be aware of the techniques used to evaluate testicular function and the diagnostic approach to testicular disorders in cases of emergency. This paper presents the clinical methods used to evaluate testicular health, including palpation, ultrasonography, biopsy, and fine-needle aspiration. The discussion of testicular disorders is broken down into four categories: congenital disorders (cryptorchidism, monorchidism, and testicular hypoplasia), differential diagnosis of scrotal enlargement, differential diagnosis of causes of progressive testicular enlargement, and differential diagnosis of testicular asymmetry or reduction in size with an emphasis on testicular degeneration. The sudden increase in testicular size is often accompanied by severe clinical signs and is a major cause for referral of stallion for surgery. Testicular disorders are illustrated with clinical cases seen by the authors.
摘要：
种马的管理对马的繁殖至关重要。长寿是育种生涯的最终目的，种马是用于自然覆盖还是用于精液采集和人工授精。农场兽医应了解用于评估睾丸功能的技术以及紧急情况下睾丸疾病的诊断方法。本文介绍了用于评估睾丸健康的临床方法，包括触诊,超声检查,活检,和细针抽吸。睾丸疾病的讨论分为四类：先天性疾病（隐睾，单甲,和睾丸发育不全)，阴囊肿大的鉴别诊断,进行性睾丸增大的原因的鉴别诊断，以及睾丸不对称或缩小的鉴别诊断，重点是睾丸变性。睾丸大小的突然增加通常伴有严重的临床症状，并且是转诊种马进行手术的主要原因。作者看到的临床病例说明了睾丸疾病。
