PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The research was aimed at studying the taxonomic diversity, habitat specialization, and trophic characteristics of mycobiota, including Basidiomycota, in the northern ecosystems of the Krasnoyarsk Krai (Central Siberia) near Norilsk. Larch forests and woodlands in the Siberian permafrost zone are distinctive and Basidiomycota, as a component of these ecosystems, plays an essential role in their functioning. Currently, there is a paucity of information about this group in Arctic ecosystems, both in terms of floristic and ecological aspects. Seventy species of macromycetes belonging to different trophic groups were discovered and identified. Only 15% of species occur regularly, while most species are found rarely or only once. The identified species belong to 44 genera, 25 families, and 8 orders, which are included in the class Agaricomycetes. The leading families in terms of the number of species are Russulaceae, Polyporaceae, Tricholomataceae, Suillaceae, Strophariaceae, and Cortinariaceae. Mycorrhizal fungi and wood decay fungi dominate the structure of mycobiota of the study area (the total share is 71%). The rest of the species (29%) are fungal decomposers inhabiting plant litter, the forest floor, and humus. The largest number of species occur in forest ecosystems, which are dominated by mycorrhizal and wood decay fungi (up to 70%), which are trophically associated with woody plants and debris. The fungal decomposers inhabiting plant litter, the forest floor, and humus dominate (about 80%) in the species composition of tundra, where, in the absence of woody substrate, wood decay fungi have not been found at all. The species richness of tree and shrub Arctic ecosystems is low, yet the taxonomical and ecological structure of Basidiomycota is similar to that observed in taiga and temperate forests. These data permit a more comprehensive description of the biodiversity of the Arctic and may prove useful in studying biological processes in these ecosystems.
摘要：
这项研究旨在研究分类学多样性，栖息地专业化，和分枝杆菌的营养特性，包括担子菌,在诺里尔斯克附近的克拉斯诺亚尔斯克边疆区（西伯利亚中部）的北部生态系统中。西伯利亚多年冻土区的落叶松森林和林地是独特的，担子菌，作为这些生态系统的组成部分，在它们的运作中起着至关重要的作用。目前,北极生态系统中关于这个群体的信息很少，在植物区系和生态方面。发现并鉴定了70种属于不同营养类群的大型真菌。只有15%的物种经常发生，而大多数物种很少或只有一次。鉴定的物种属于44属，25个家庭,8个命令,包括在类蘑菇中。就物种数量而言，领先的家庭是Russulaceae，猪科,口蹄科,Suillaceae,Strophariaceae,和Cortinariacae.菌根真菌和木材腐烂真菌在研究区域的真菌群结构中占主导地位（总份额为71％）。其余物种（29％）是居住在植物凋落物中的真菌分解者，森林的地面,还有腐殖质.森林生态系统中物种数量最多，以菌根和木材腐烂真菌为主（高达70％），在营养上与木本植物和碎片有关。居住在植物凋落物中的真菌分解者，森林的地面,腐殖质在苔原的物种组成中占主导地位（约80％），where,在没有木质基质的情况下，根本没有发现木材腐烂真菌。北极树木和灌木生态系统的物种丰富度很低，然而，担子菌的分类学和生态结构与针叶林和温带森林中观察到的相似。这些数据可以更全面地描述北极的生物多样性，并可能有助于研究这些生态系统中的生物过程。
