PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The complex structure, chemical composition, and biomechanical properties of craniofacial cartilaginous structures make them challenging to reconstruct. Autologous grafts have limited tissue availability and can cause significant donor-site morbidity, homologous grafts often require immunosuppression, and alloplastic grafts may have high rates of infection or displacement. Furthermore, all these grafting techniques require a high level of surgical skill to ensure that the reconstruction matches the original structure. Current research indicates that additive manufacturing shows promise in overcoming these limitations. Autologous stem cells have been developed into cartilage when exposed to the appropriate growth factors and culture conditions, such as mechanical stress and oxygen deprivation. Additive manufacturing allows for increased precision when engineering scaffolds for stem cell cultures. Fine control over the porosity and structure of a material ensures adequate cell adhesion and fit between the graft and the defect. Several recent tissue engineering studies have focused on the trachea, nose, and ear, as these structures are often damaged by congenital conditions, trauma, and malignancy. This article reviews the limitations of current reconstructive techniques and the new developments in additive manufacturing for tracheal, nasal, and auricular cartilages.
摘要：
复杂的结构，化学成分,颅面软骨结构的生物力学特性使其重建具有挑战性。自体移植物的组织可用性有限，可导致显著的供体部位发病率。同源移植物通常需要免疫抑制，和同种异体移植物可能有很高的感染率或移位率。此外，所有这些移植技术都需要高水平的手术技能，以确保重建与原始结构相匹配。目前的研究表明，增材制造在克服这些限制方面显示出了希望。当暴露于适当的生长因子和培养条件时，自体干细胞已发育成软骨。如机械应力和缺氧。当工程用于干细胞培养的支架时，增材制造允许提高精度。对材料的孔隙率和结构的精细控制确保了移植物和缺损之间的足够的细胞粘附和配合。最近的一些组织工程研究集中在气管上，鼻子,耳朵，因为这些结构经常被先天条件损坏，创伤,和恶性肿瘤。本文回顾了当前重建技术的局限性以及气管增材制造的新进展，鼻部,和耳软骨.
