PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Dialysis membranes are not hemocompatible with human blood, as the patients are suffering from the blood-membrane interactions\' side effects. Zwitterionic structures have shown improved hemocompatibility; however, their complicated synthesis hinders their commercialization. The goal of the study is to achieve fast functionalization for carboxybetaine and sulfobetaine zwitterionic immobilization on PES membranes while comparing the stability and the targeted hemocompatibility. The chemical modification approach is based on an aminolysis reaction. Characterization, computational simulations, and clinical analysis were conducted to study the modified membranes. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) patterns showed a lower mean roughness for carboxybetaine-modified (6.3 nm) and sulfobetaine-modified (7.7 nm) membranes compared to the neat membrane (52.61 nm). The pore size of the membranes was reduced from values above 50 nm for the neat PES to values between 2 and 50 nm for zwitterionized membranes, using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. More hydrophilic surfaces led to a growth equilibrium water content (EWC) of nearly 6% for carboxybetaine and 10% for sulfobetaine-modified membranes. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were 12% and 16% stable water for carboxybetaine- and sulfobetaine-modified membranes, respectively. Sulfobetaine membranes showed better compatibility with blood with respect to C5a, IL-1a, and IL-6 biomarkers. Aminolysis-based zwitterionization was found to be suitable for the improvement of hemodialysis membranes. The approach introduced in this paper could be used to modify the current dialysis membranes with minimal change in the production facilities.
摘要：
透析膜与人体血液不兼容，因为患者正在遭受血膜相互作用的副作用。两性离子结构显示出改善的血液相容性；然而，它们复杂的合成阻碍了它们的商业化。该研究的目的是实现羧基甜菜碱和磺基甜菜碱两性离子固定在PES膜上的快速功能化，同时比较稳定性和目标血液相容性。化学改性方法基于氨解反应。表征,计算模拟，并进行了临床分析以研究改性膜。原子力显微镜（AFM）图案显示，与纯膜（52.61nm）相比，羧基甜菜碱修饰（6.3nm）和磺基甜菜碱修饰（7.7nm）膜的平均粗糙度较低。膜的孔径从纯PES的高于50nm的值减小到两性离子膜的2至50nm之间的值。使用Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)分析。更亲水的表面导致羧基甜菜碱的生长平衡水含量（EWC）为近6％，磺基甜菜碱改性膜的生长平衡水含量为10％。差示扫描量热法（DSC）测量值分别为羧基甜菜碱和磺基甜菜碱改性膜的12％和16％稳定水，分别。关于C5a，磺基甜菜碱膜显示出与血液更好的相容性，IL-1a,和IL-6生物标志物。发现基于氨基分解的两性离子适合于改善血液透析膜。本文介绍的方法可用于在生产设施变化最小的情况下修改当前的透析膜。
