PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The recent success of cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs), monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), cancer vaccines, and adoptive cellular therapies (ACTs), has revolutionized traditional cancer treatment. However, these immunotherapeutic modalities have variable efficacies, and many of them exhibit adverse effects. Oncolytic viral Immunotherapy (OViT), whereby viruses are used to directly or indirectly induce anti-cancer immune responses, is emerging as a novel immunotherapy for treating patients with different types of cancer. The herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) possesses many characteristics that inform its use as an effective OViT agents and remains a leading candidate. Its recent clinical success resulted in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of Talimogene laherparevec (T-VEC or Imlygic) in 2015 for the treatment of advanced melanoma. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the development of oncolytic HSV-1-based OViTs, their anti-tumor mechanism of action, and efficacy data from recent clinical trials. We envision this knowledge may be used to inform the rational design and application of future oHSV in cancer treatment.
摘要：
最近癌症免疫疗法的成功，如免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs），单克隆抗体（mAb），癌症疫苗,和过继细胞疗法（ACTs），彻底改变了传统的癌症治疗方法。然而,这些免疫治疗方式具有可变的功效，其中许多都表现出不良影响。溶瘤病毒免疫治疗（OViT），利用病毒直接或间接诱导抗癌免疫反应，正在成为治疗不同类型癌症患者的新型免疫疗法。1型单纯疱疹病毒（HSV-1）具有许多特征，可作为有效的OViT药物使用，并且仍然是主要的候选药物。其最近的临床成功导致美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）于2015年批准了Talimogenelaherparevec（T-VEC或Immygic）用于治疗晚期黑色素瘤。在这次审查中,我们讨论了基于溶瘤HSV-1的OViTs的开发的最新进展，它们的抗肿瘤作用机制，和近期临床试验的疗效数据。我们设想这些知识可用于指导未来oHSV在癌症治疗中的合理设计和应用。
