Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Aspergillosis is the most common invasive fungal infection among lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Although its incidence is lower than that of bacterial or viral infections, it poses a similar or even higher mortality rate due to challenges in early diagnosis, limited treatment options, and various complications. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the pulmonary aspergillosis cases in our tertiary lung transplant center.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 146 LTRs was performed. The demographic data, microbiological and histopathological test results, and radiological findings used for Aspergillus identification were recorded.
RESULTS: Aspergillus spp. was detected in 13 of 146 LTRs (9%), mean age 42.5 ± 14.06 years, an average of 18.9 months after lung transplantation. 3 cases (23%) had Aspergillus growth in tissue culture, and 2 (15.4%) showed fungal elements with septal hyaline fibrils in tissue pathology. Aspergillus spp Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was positive in bronchoalveolar lavage of 8 (61.5%) cases. In addition, 4 (30.7%) cases had relevant tomography findings. The most common pathogens were A. Terreus (21%), A. Fumigatus (14%), and A. Flavus (14%). The mortality rate was 15%.
CONCLUSIONS: LTRs are at high risk of Aspergillus spp infections. Early diagnosis with microbiological, histopathological, and radiological tests, in addition to well-established prevention strategies, prophylaxis, and treatment will provide a better survival rate for patients.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 146 LTRs was performed. The demographic data, microbiological and histopathological test results, and radiological findings used for Aspergillus identification were recorded.
RESULTS: Aspergillus spp. was detected in 13 of 146 LTRs (9%), mean age 42.5 ± 14.06 years, an average of 18.9 months after lung transplantation. 3 cases (23%) had Aspergillus growth in tissue culture, and 2 (15.4%) showed fungal elements with septal hyaline fibrils in tissue pathology. Aspergillus spp Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was positive in bronchoalveolar lavage of 8 (61.5%) cases. In addition, 4 (30.7%) cases had relevant tomography findings. The most common pathogens were A. Terreus (21%), A. Fumigatus (14%), and A. Flavus (14%). The mortality rate was 15%.
CONCLUSIONS: LTRs are at high risk of Aspergillus spp infections. Early diagnosis with microbiological, histopathological, and radiological tests, in addition to well-established prevention strategies, prophylaxis, and treatment will provide a better survival rate for patients.
摘要：
目的：曲霉病是肺移植受者中最常见的侵袭性真菌感染。尽管其发病率低于细菌或病毒感染，由于早期诊断的挑战，它带来了相似甚至更高的死亡率，有限的治疗选择，和各种并发症。因此,我们旨在评估三级肺移植中心的肺曲霉病病例.
方法：对146例LTR进行回顾性分析。人口统计数据，微生物和组织病理学检查结果，并记录用于曲霉鉴定的放射学结果。
结果：曲霉属。在146个LTR中的13个中检测到（9%），平均年龄42.5±14.06岁，肺移植后平均18.9个月。3例（23％）在组织培养中有曲霉生长，2例（15.4％）在组织病理学中显示真菌成分与间隔透明原纤维。8例（61.5％）支气管肺泡灌洗中曲霉属聚合酶链反应（PCR）阳性。此外,4例（30.7％）有相关的断层扫描结果。最常见的病原体是A.Terreus（21％），A.Fumigatus（14%），和A.Flavus（14%）。死亡率为15%。
结论：LTR具有曲霉属感染的高风险。早期诊断与微生物，组织病理学,和放射学测试，除了完善的预防策略，预防,治疗将为患者提供更好的生存率。
方法：对146例LTR进行回顾性分析。人口统计数据，微生物和组织病理学检查结果，并记录用于曲霉鉴定的放射学结果。
结果：曲霉属。在146个LTR中的13个中检测到（9%），平均年龄42.5±14.06岁，肺移植后平均18.9个月。3例（23％）在组织培养中有曲霉生长，2例（15.4％）在组织病理学中显示真菌成分与间隔透明原纤维。8例（61.5％）支气管肺泡灌洗中曲霉属聚合酶链反应（PCR）阳性。此外,4例（30.7％）有相关的断层扫描结果。最常见的病原体是A.Terreus（21％），A.Fumigatus（14%），和A.Flavus（14%）。死亡率为15%。
结论：LTR具有曲霉属感染的高风险。早期诊断与微生物，组织病理学,和放射学测试，除了完善的预防策略，预防,治疗将为患者提供更好的生存率。
