PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Equine asthma (EA) is a chronic lower airway inflammation that leads to structural and functional changes. Hyaluronic acid (HA) has crucial functions in the extracellular matrix homeostasis and inflammatory mediator activity. HA concentration in the lungs increases in several human airway diseases. However, its associations with naturally occurring EA and airway remodelling have not been previously studied. Our aim was to investigate the association of equine neutrophilic airway inflammation (NAI) severity, airway remodelling, and HA concentration in horses with naturally occurring EA. We hypothesised that HA concentration and airway remodelling would increase with the severity of NAI. HA concentrations of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid supernatant (SUP) and plasma of 27 neutrophilic EA horses, and 28 control horses were measured. Additionally, remodelling and HA staining intensity were assessed from endobronchial biopsies from 10 moderate NAI horses, 5 severe NAI horses, and 15 control horses.
RESULTS: The HA concentration in SUP was higher in EA horses compared to controls (p = 0.007). Plasma HA concentrations were not different between the groups. In the endobronchial biopsies, moderate NAI horses showed epithelial hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltrate, while severe NAI horses also showed fibrosis and desquamation of the epithelium. The degree of remodelling was higher in severe NAI compared to moderate NAI (p = 0.048) and controls (p = 0.016). Intense HA staining was observed in bronchial cell membranes, basement membranes, and connective tissue without significant differences between the groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The release of HA to the airway lumen increases in naturally occurring neutrophilic EA without clear changes in its tissue distribution, and significant airway remodelling only develops in severe NAI.
RESULTS: The HA concentration in SUP was higher in EA horses compared to controls (p = 0.007). Plasma HA concentrations were not different between the groups. In the endobronchial biopsies, moderate NAI horses showed epithelial hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltrate, while severe NAI horses also showed fibrosis and desquamation of the epithelium. The degree of remodelling was higher in severe NAI compared to moderate NAI (p = 0.048) and controls (p = 0.016). Intense HA staining was observed in bronchial cell membranes, basement membranes, and connective tissue without significant differences between the groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The release of HA to the airway lumen increases in naturally occurring neutrophilic EA without clear changes in its tissue distribution, and significant airway remodelling only develops in severe NAI.
摘要：
背景：马哮喘（EA）是一种导致结构和功能改变的慢性下气道炎症。透明质酸（HA）在细胞外基质稳态和炎症介质活性中起着至关重要的作用。在几种人类气道疾病中,肺中的HA浓度增加。然而,其与自然发生的EA和气道重塑的关联以前尚未研究过.我们的目的是研究马中性粒细胞性气道炎症（NAI）严重程度的相关性，气道重塑,和HA浓度在具有天然存在的EA的马。我们假设HA浓度和气道重塑会随着NAI的严重程度而增加。27匹嗜中性EA马的支气管肺泡灌洗液上清液（SUP）和血浆的HA浓度，并测量了28匹对照马。此外,重建和HA染色强度从10个中度NAI马的支气管活组织检查中评估，5匹严重的NAI马，15控制马
结果：与对照组相比，EA马中SUP中的HA浓度更高（p=0.007）。两组之间的血浆HA浓度没有差异。在支气管内活检中，中度NAI马表现为上皮增生和炎症细胞浸润，而严重的NAI马也表现出纤维化和上皮脱皮。与中度NAI（p=0.048）和对照组（p=0.016）相比，重度NAI的重塑程度更高。在支气管细胞膜上观察到强烈的HA染色，基底膜,和结缔组织组间无显著差异。
结论：在自然发生的嗜中性EA中，HA向气道管腔的释放增加，其组织分布没有明显变化，并且仅在严重的NAI中出现明显的气道重塑。
结果：与对照组相比，EA马中SUP中的HA浓度更高（p=0.007）。两组之间的血浆HA浓度没有差异。在支气管内活检中，中度NAI马表现为上皮增生和炎症细胞浸润，而严重的NAI马也表现出纤维化和上皮脱皮。与中度NAI（p=0.048）和对照组（p=0.016）相比，重度NAI的重塑程度更高。在支气管细胞膜上观察到强烈的HA染色，基底膜,和结缔组织组间无显著差异。
结论：在自然发生的嗜中性EA中，HA向气道管腔的释放增加，其组织分布没有明显变化，并且仅在严重的NAI中出现明显的气道重塑。
