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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevalence rate of obstructive pulmonary dysfunction in workers exposed to silica dust and analyze its risk factors, so as to provide reference for the formulation of diagnostic criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by occupational dust.
METHODS: Data collection and structured questionnaire were used to collect the data of 2064 workers exposed to silica dust who underwent health examination in Hunan Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital and Yuanling Second People\'s Hospital from January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022. The prevalence rate of obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction was analyzed and the risk factors were analyzed.
RESULTS: The prevalence rate of obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction (FEV1/FVC < 70%) was 2.3% in 2064 silica dust exposed workers. The prevalence of restrictive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction (FVC/Pre < 80%) was 8.1%. The prevalence of obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the high level exposure group was higher than that in the low level exposure group, 8.2 vs0.9% (P < 0.05). The rate of obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in female group was higher than that in male group (5.3% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.00). Workers with obstructive pulmonary dysfunction were older and worked longer than workers without obstructive pulmonary dysfunction, but there was no statistical difference. Multivariate regression analysis showed that high exposure level was a risk factor for obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in silica dust exposed workers (P < 0.05). Females were the risk factors for obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Silica dust exposure can cause obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction and lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. High level of exposure is a risk factor for obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Women exposed to dust are more prone to obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction than men. Early diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by silica dust and timely intervention measures are very important to delay the decline of lung function and protect the health of workers.
METHODS: Data collection and structured questionnaire were used to collect the data of 2064 workers exposed to silica dust who underwent health examination in Hunan Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Hospital and Yuanling Second People\'s Hospital from January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022. The prevalence rate of obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction was analyzed and the risk factors were analyzed.
RESULTS: The prevalence rate of obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction (FEV1/FVC < 70%) was 2.3% in 2064 silica dust exposed workers. The prevalence of restrictive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction (FVC/Pre < 80%) was 8.1%. The prevalence of obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the high level exposure group was higher than that in the low level exposure group, 8.2 vs0.9% (P < 0.05). The rate of obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in female group was higher than that in male group (5.3% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.00). Workers with obstructive pulmonary dysfunction were older and worked longer than workers without obstructive pulmonary dysfunction, but there was no statistical difference. Multivariate regression analysis showed that high exposure level was a risk factor for obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in silica dust exposed workers (P < 0.05). Females were the risk factors for obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Silica dust exposure can cause obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction and lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. High level of exposure is a risk factor for obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Women exposed to dust are more prone to obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction than men. Early diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by silica dust and timely intervention measures are very important to delay the decline of lung function and protect the health of workers.
摘要：
目的：了解硅尘作业工人阻塞性肺功能障碍的患病率并分析其危险因素。从而为职业性粉尘所致慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊断标准的制定提供参考。
方法：采用数据收集和结构化问卷的方法，收集2021年1月1日至2022年6月30日在湖南省职业病预防控制医院和泉岭市第二人民医院进行健康体检的2064名接触硅尘工人的数据。分析阻塞性肺通气功能障碍患病率及危险因素。
结果：2064名接触二氧化硅粉尘的工人中，阻塞性肺通气功能障碍（FEV1/FVC<70％）的患病率为2.3％。限制性肺通气功能障碍（FVC/Pre<80％）的患病率为8.1％。高水平暴露组的阻塞性肺通气功能障碍患病率高于低水平暴露组。8.2vs0.9%(P<0.05)。女性组阻塞性肺通气功能障碍发生率高于男性组(5.3%vs.1.7%,p=0.00)。患有阻塞性肺功能障碍的工人比没有阻塞性肺功能障碍的工人年龄更大，工作时间更长，但没有统计学差异。多因素回归分析显示,高暴露水平是硅尘作业工人发生阻塞性肺通气功能障碍的危险因素(P<0.05)。女性是阻塞性肺通气功能障碍的危险因素(P<0.05)。
结论：二氧化硅粉尘暴露可引起阻塞性肺通气功能障碍，导致慢性阻塞性肺疾病。高水平暴露是阻塞性肺通气功能障碍的危险因素。接触灰尘的女性比男性更容易发生阻塞性肺通气功能障碍。早期诊断硅尘所致慢性阻塞性肺疾病,及时采取干预措施,对延缓肺功能下降,保护作业人员健康至关重要。
方法：采用数据收集和结构化问卷的方法，收集2021年1月1日至2022年6月30日在湖南省职业病预防控制医院和泉岭市第二人民医院进行健康体检的2064名接触硅尘工人的数据。分析阻塞性肺通气功能障碍患病率及危险因素。
结果：2064名接触二氧化硅粉尘的工人中，阻塞性肺通气功能障碍（FEV1/FVC<70％）的患病率为2.3％。限制性肺通气功能障碍（FVC/Pre<80％）的患病率为8.1％。高水平暴露组的阻塞性肺通气功能障碍患病率高于低水平暴露组。8.2vs0.9%(P<0.05)。女性组阻塞性肺通气功能障碍发生率高于男性组(5.3%vs.1.7%,p=0.00)。患有阻塞性肺功能障碍的工人比没有阻塞性肺功能障碍的工人年龄更大，工作时间更长，但没有统计学差异。多因素回归分析显示,高暴露水平是硅尘作业工人发生阻塞性肺通气功能障碍的危险因素(P<0.05)。女性是阻塞性肺通气功能障碍的危险因素(P<0.05)。
结论：二氧化硅粉尘暴露可引起阻塞性肺通气功能障碍，导致慢性阻塞性肺疾病。高水平暴露是阻塞性肺通气功能障碍的危险因素。接触灰尘的女性比男性更容易发生阻塞性肺通气功能障碍。早期诊断硅尘所致慢性阻塞性肺疾病,及时采取干预措施,对延缓肺功能下降,保护作业人员健康至关重要。
