Abstract：
Speech can be defined as the human ability to communicate through a sequence of vocal sounds. Consequently, speech requires an emitter (the speaker) capable of generating the acoustic signal and a receiver (the listener) able to successfully decode the sounds produced by the emitter (i.e., the acoustic signal). Time plays a central role at both ends of this interaction. On the one hand, speech production requires precise and rapid coordination, typically within the order of milliseconds, of the upper vocal tract articulators (i.e., tongue, jaw, lips, and velum), their composite movements, and the activation of the vocal folds. On the other hand, the generated acoustic signal unfolds in time, carrying information at different timescales. This information must be parsed and integrated by the receiver for the correct transmission of meaning. This chapter describes the temporal patterns that characterize the speech signal and reviews research that explores the neural mechanisms underlying the generation of these patterns and the role they play in speech comprehension.
摘要：
语音可以定义为人类通过一系列声音进行交流的能力。因此,语音需要能够产生声信号的发射器（扬声器）和能够成功解码发射器产生的声音的接收器（收听者）（即，声学信号)。时间在这种互动的两端都起着核心作用。一方面,语音制作需要精确和快速的协调，通常在毫秒的数量级内，上声道发声器的(即，舌头,下巴,嘴唇,和velum)，他们的复合动作，和声带的激活。另一方面,产生的声信号及时展开，在不同的时间尺度上携带信息。该信息必须由接收器解析和整合,以便正确地传输含义。本章描述了表征语音信号的时间模式，并回顾了探索这些模式产生的神经机制及其在语音理解中的作用的研究。
