Abstract：
The natural healing process of extraction socket and traditional socket plug material could not prevent buccal bone wall resorption and down growth of epithelium from the socket orifice. A multiphase bioactive socket plug (BP) is designed to overcome the natural healing process by maintaining the three-dimensional (3D) volume of extraction sockets, particularly in sockets with wall defects, and later provide sufficient alveolar bone volume for implant placement. The study aimed to fabricate and evaluate the physical, chemical, and biological performance of BPin vitro. The BP was fabricated through freeze-drying and layer-by-layer assembly, comprised of a base serving as a scaffold, a central portion for promoting bone regeneration, an upper buccal portion for maintaining alveolar socket dimension with a covering collagen membrane (Memb) on the top and upper buccal surface to prevent soft tissue infiltration. The BP as the experimental group and a pure collagen plug (CP) as the control group were investigated and compared. Radiograph, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy mapping confirmed that the four-part BP was successfully assembled and fabricated. Swelling rate analysis indicated that BP, CP, and Memb reached swelling equilibrium within 1 hour. BP exhibited a high remaining weight percentage in collagenase solution (68.81 ± 2.21% on day 90) and sustained calcium ion release, reaching the maximum 0.13 ± 0.04 mmol l-1on day 14. In biological assays, BP exhibited excellent cell proliferation (The OD value increased from 0.02 on day 1 to 0.23 on day 21.). The BP group exhibited higher alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin content than the CP group within 21 days. Memb and BP exhibited outstanding barrier function, as evidenced by Hematoxylin and eosin staining. In summary, the multiphase bioactive socket plug represents a promising scaffold for alveolar ridge preservation application.
摘要：
多相生物活性插座插头旨在通过保持提取插座的三维（3D）体积来克服提取插座的自然愈合过程，特别是在有墙壁缺陷的插座中，并且稍后为植入物放置提供足够的牙槽骨体积。这项研究旨在制造和评估身体，机械,多相生物活性插座插头的体外生物学性能。通过冷冻干燥和逐层组装制造多相生物活性插座插头，由一个用作脚手架的底座组成，促进骨骼再生的中心部分，用于保持肺泡窝尺寸的上颊部分,在顶部和上颊表面上具有覆盖的胶原膜(Memb)以防止软组织浸润。将多相生物活性插座插头(BP)作为实验组,以纯胶原栓（CP）为对照组，进行理化和体外生物学特性的比较。扫描电子显微镜（SEM），射线照相和能量色散光谱（EDS）图证实了四部分BP已成功组装和制造。肿胀率分析表明，BP，CP,Memb在1小时内达到溶胀平衡。BP在胶原酶溶液中显示出很高的剩余重量百分比（第90天的68.81±2.21％）和持续的钙离子释放，在第14天达到最大0.13±0.04mmol/L。在生物测定中，BP表现出优异的细胞增殖(OD值从第1天的0.02增加到第21天的0.23。).与CP组相比，BP组在21天内表现出更高的碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性和骨钙蛋白（OCN）含量。Memb和BP表现出突出的屏障功能，如苏木精和伊红(H&E)染色所证明。总之,多相生物活性插座插头代表了一个有前途的支架，用于牙槽骨保存应用。
