Abstract：
In clinical practice, junior doctors regularly receive supervision from consultants. Drawing on Basic Psychological Needs Theory, consultants\' supervision styles are likely to affect junior doctors\' intrinsic motivation differently in terms of psychological need frustration and psychological need satisfaction. To examine the effects of (de)motivating supervision styles, we conducted two experimental vignette studies among junior doctors. In Study 1 (N = 150, 73.3% female), we used a 2 (need support: high vs. low) x 2 (directiveness: high vs. low) between-subjects design and, in Study 2, a within-subjects design with the same factors (N = 46, 71.7% female). Both studies revealed a consistent positive effect of need-supportive supervision styles on psychological need satisfaction (+), need frustration (-), and intrinsic motivation (+). Particularly in Study 2, the main effect of need-supportive styles was strengthened by supervisor\'s directiveness. Moreover, in both studies, the effects of supervision styles on intrinsic motivation were explained through psychological need frustration and psychological need satisfaction. We discuss the implications of these findings for postgraduate clinical training.
摘要：
在临床实践中,初级医生定期接受顾问的监督。借鉴基本心理需求理论，顾问的监督风格可能会影响初级医生的内在动机在心理需求挫折和心理需求满足方面不同。为了检查(去)激励监督风格的影响，我们在初级医生中进行了两项实验性小插图研究。在研究1中（N=150，73.3％为女性），我们使用了2(需要支持：高vs.低)x2(方向性：高与低)学科间设计和，在研究2中，具有相同因素的受试者内设计(N=46，71.7%为女性)。两项研究都揭示了需要支持性监督风格对心理需要满意度的一致积极影响(+)，需要挫败感（-），和内在动机(+)。特别是在研究2中，主管的指导性加强了需求支持风格的主要作用。此外，在两项研究中，通过心理需要挫折和心理需要满足来解释监督方式对内在动机的影响。我们讨论了这些发现对研究生临床培训的意义。
