Abstract：
Nocardiosis is an opportunistic infection that affects both immunocompromised as well as immunocompetent patients. The main infections occur as soft tissue and lung infections although they might disseminate to various organs. This is a case study aimed to reflect the severity of the disease and the patient\'s risk factors associated with the infection. A sputum sample was collected from tuberculosis (TB) suspects for culture. Nocardia-like colonies were isolated, purified, and sent to BGI Company (Hongkong, China). Standard forward sequencing of 16S rRNA was done by ABI Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). Sequence alignment and nucleotide basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) were done using National Center for Bioinformatics (NCBI) Nucleotide BLAST. Biochemical identification to the colonies was done using an automation system (BD Phoenix™) to confirm the identification. Nocardia paucivorans was identified from the TB suspect. Risk factors were identified as extensive contact to dust, absence of primary care units with complete facilities, and old age. Since the infection of the lungs caused by Nocardia might be similar to pulmonary TB, this case report highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and identification procedures to differentiate between the two.
摘要：
诺卡病是一种机会性感染，影响免疫功能低下和免疫功能正常的患者。主要感染发生为软组织和肺部感染，尽管它们可能传播到各种器官。这是一个案例研究，旨在反映疾病的严重程度和患者与感染相关的危险因素。从结核病（TB）嫌疑人收集痰样本进行培养。诺卡氏菌样菌落被分离,纯化,并寄给华大基因公司(香港，中国）。通过ABI遗传分析仪(应用生物系统)进行16SrRNA的标准正向测序。使用国家生物信息学中心(NCBI)核苷酸BLAST进行序列比对和核苷酸基本局部比对搜索工具(BLAST)。使用自动化系统(BDPhoenix™)对菌落进行生化鉴定以确认鉴定。从结核病嫌疑人中发现了诺卡氏菌。危险因素被确定为广泛接触灰尘，没有设施齐全的初级保健单位，和老年。由于诺卡氏菌引起的肺部感染可能与肺结核相似，本病例报告强调了准确诊断和鉴别程序区分两者的重要性.
