Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This study examined the influence of physical fitness qualities, individual characteristics, and contextual factors on perceived exertion and recovery responses to official games in youth basketball players.
METHODS: Twenty-six males (age: 15.8±1.2 years; 12 guards, 9 forwards, and 5 centers) and 7 females (age: 16.1±0.9 years; 3 guards, 4 forwards) were monitored for an entire basketball season (N.=635 observations). Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery (level 1) and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests were administered, with players categorized as high and low Yo-Yo and CMJ groups according to test results. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were collected after each official game. Before the game and the day after, the Total Quality of Recovery (scores) were collected, and the difference between post- and pregame TQR was calculated (TQRΔ). Separate linear mixed models evaluated the effects of sex (M; F), fitness qualities (high Yo-Yo; low Yo-Yo) (high CMJ; low CMJ), playing position (guard; forward; center), game outcome (won; loss) and game location (home; away).
RESULTS: Male players reported higher RPE (7.0±0.3) than females (5.5±0.4) (P=0.003, effect size [ES]: moderate). Players with high Yo-Yo performance also reported higher RPE (6.7±0.4) than low Yo-Yo (5.8±0.3) (P=0.049, ES: small). TQRΔ was higher in guards (-1.3±0.2) than forwards (-0.8±0.2) (P=0.041, ES: trivial), and lower after lost games (-0.8±0.2) compared to won games (-1.2±0.2) (P=0.002, ES: small).
CONCLUSIONS: In youth basketball, postgame perceived exertion and recovery responses are influenced by players\' sex, intermittent endurance capacity, and game outcome. Current findings can help youth basketball practitioners to better understand their players\' performances and perceptual responses.
METHODS: Twenty-six males (age: 15.8±1.2 years; 12 guards, 9 forwards, and 5 centers) and 7 females (age: 16.1±0.9 years; 3 guards, 4 forwards) were monitored for an entire basketball season (N.=635 observations). Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery (level 1) and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests were administered, with players categorized as high and low Yo-Yo and CMJ groups according to test results. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were collected after each official game. Before the game and the day after, the Total Quality of Recovery (scores) were collected, and the difference between post- and pregame TQR was calculated (TQRΔ). Separate linear mixed models evaluated the effects of sex (M; F), fitness qualities (high Yo-Yo; low Yo-Yo) (high CMJ; low CMJ), playing position (guard; forward; center), game outcome (won; loss) and game location (home; away).
RESULTS: Male players reported higher RPE (7.0±0.3) than females (5.5±0.4) (P=0.003, effect size [ES]: moderate). Players with high Yo-Yo performance also reported higher RPE (6.7±0.4) than low Yo-Yo (5.8±0.3) (P=0.049, ES: small). TQRΔ was higher in guards (-1.3±0.2) than forwards (-0.8±0.2) (P=0.041, ES: trivial), and lower after lost games (-0.8±0.2) compared to won games (-1.2±0.2) (P=0.002, ES: small).
CONCLUSIONS: In youth basketball, postgame perceived exertion and recovery responses are influenced by players\' sex, intermittent endurance capacity, and game outcome. Current findings can help youth basketball practitioners to better understand their players\' performances and perceptual responses.
摘要：
背景：这项研究检查了身体素质的影响，个体特征,以及青少年篮球运动员对正式比赛的感知努力和恢复反应的情境因素。
方法：26名男性（年龄：15.8±1.2岁；12名警卫，9个前锋，和5个中心）和7名女性（年龄：16.1±0.9岁；3名警卫，4名前锋)在整个篮球赛季都受到了监测(N.=635个观察)。进行了Yo-Yo间歇性恢复（1级）和反运动跳跃（CMJ）测试，根据测试结果将玩家分为高，低Yo-Yo和CMJ组。在每次正式比赛后收集感知劳累（RPE）的等级。比赛前和比赛后的第二天,收集总恢复质量(评分)，并计算了赛后和赛前TQR之间的差异(TQRΔ)。单独的线性混合模型评估了性别(M；F)的影响，健身素质（高Yo-Yo；低Yo-Yo）（高CMJ；低CMJ），比赛位置(后卫；前锋；中锋)，比赛结果（赢；输）和比赛地点（主场；客场）。
结果：男性运动员报告的RPE（7.0±0.3）高于女性（5.5±0.4）（P=0.003，效应大小[ES]：中等）。具有高Yo-Yo表现的球员的RPE（6.7±0.4）也高于低Yo-Yo（5.8±0.3）（P=0.049，ES：小）。后卫的TQRΔ（-1.3±0.2）高于前锋（-0.8±0.2）（P=0.041，ES：微不足道），输掉比赛后（-0.8±0.2）低于赢得比赛（-1.2±0.2）（P=0.002，ES：小）。
结论：在青少年篮球中，赛后感知的劳累和恢复反应受玩家性别的影响，间歇性续航能力,和游戏结果。目前的发现可以帮助青少年篮球从业者更好地了解他们的球员的表现和感知反应。
方法：26名男性（年龄：15.8±1.2岁；12名警卫，9个前锋，和5个中心）和7名女性（年龄：16.1±0.9岁；3名警卫，4名前锋)在整个篮球赛季都受到了监测(N.=635个观察)。进行了Yo-Yo间歇性恢复（1级）和反运动跳跃（CMJ）测试，根据测试结果将玩家分为高，低Yo-Yo和CMJ组。在每次正式比赛后收集感知劳累（RPE）的等级。比赛前和比赛后的第二天,收集总恢复质量(评分)，并计算了赛后和赛前TQR之间的差异(TQRΔ)。单独的线性混合模型评估了性别(M；F)的影响，健身素质（高Yo-Yo；低Yo-Yo）（高CMJ；低CMJ），比赛位置(后卫；前锋；中锋)，比赛结果（赢；输）和比赛地点（主场；客场）。
结果：男性运动员报告的RPE（7.0±0.3）高于女性（5.5±0.4）（P=0.003，效应大小[ES]：中等）。具有高Yo-Yo表现的球员的RPE（6.7±0.4）也高于低Yo-Yo（5.8±0.3）（P=0.049，ES：小）。后卫的TQRΔ（-1.3±0.2）高于前锋（-0.8±0.2）（P=0.041，ES：微不足道），输掉比赛后（-0.8±0.2）低于赢得比赛（-1.2±0.2）（P=0.002，ES：小）。
结论：在青少年篮球中，赛后感知的劳累和恢复反应受玩家性别的影响，间歇性续航能力,和游戏结果。目前的发现可以帮助青少年篮球从业者更好地了解他们的球员的表现和感知反应。
