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Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: This study examines the association between Hemoglobin Glycation Index (HGI) and the risk of mortality among individuals with hypertension and to explore gender-specific effects.
UNASSIGNED: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018 were analyzed. Three models were constructed to assess the relationship between HGI and mortality risks, controlling for various covariates. Nonlinear relationships were explored using restricted cubic splines (RCS) and threshold effect analysis.
UNASSIGNED: The findings reveal a U-shaped relationship between HGI and the cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality after adjusting for multiple covariates. Gender- specific analysis indicated a U-shaped relationship in men, with threshold points of -0.271, and 0.115, respectively. Before the threshold point, HGI was negatively associated with CVD mortality (HR: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.44, 0.93, P=0.02) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.71, 0.99), and after the threshold point, HGI was positively associated with CVD mortality (HR: 1.48, 95%CI: 1.23, 1.79, P<0.01) and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.24, 1.60). In contrast, HGI had a J-shaped relationship with CVD mortality and a L-shaped relationship with all-cause mortality in females. Before the threshold points, the risk of all-cause mortality decreased (HR: 0.66, 95%CI:0.56, 0.77, P=0.04) and after the threshold points, the risk of CVD mortality increased (HR: 1.39, 95%CI:1.12, 1.72, P<0.01) progressively with increasing HGI.
UNASSIGNED: The research highlights the significance of maintaining proper HGI levels in individuals with hypertension and validates HGI as a notable indicator of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risks. It also highlights the significant role of gender in the relationship between HGI and these risks.
UNASSIGNED: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018 were analyzed. Three models were constructed to assess the relationship between HGI and mortality risks, controlling for various covariates. Nonlinear relationships were explored using restricted cubic splines (RCS) and threshold effect analysis.
UNASSIGNED: The findings reveal a U-shaped relationship between HGI and the cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality after adjusting for multiple covariates. Gender- specific analysis indicated a U-shaped relationship in men, with threshold points of -0.271, and 0.115, respectively. Before the threshold point, HGI was negatively associated with CVD mortality (HR: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.44, 0.93, P=0.02) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.71, 0.99), and after the threshold point, HGI was positively associated with CVD mortality (HR: 1.48, 95%CI: 1.23, 1.79, P<0.01) and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.41, 95%CI: 1.24, 1.60). In contrast, HGI had a J-shaped relationship with CVD mortality and a L-shaped relationship with all-cause mortality in females. Before the threshold points, the risk of all-cause mortality decreased (HR: 0.66, 95%CI:0.56, 0.77, P=0.04) and after the threshold points, the risk of CVD mortality increased (HR: 1.39, 95%CI:1.12, 1.72, P<0.01) progressively with increasing HGI.
UNASSIGNED: The research highlights the significance of maintaining proper HGI levels in individuals with hypertension and validates HGI as a notable indicator of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risks. It also highlights the significant role of gender in the relationship between HGI and these risks.
摘要：
■本研究检查了血红蛋白糖化指数（HGI）与高血压患者死亡风险之间的关系，并探讨了性别特异性影响。
■分析了1999年至2018年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据。构建了三个模型来评估HGI和死亡风险之间的关系，控制各种协变量。使用受限三次样条（RCS）和阈值效应分析探索了非线性关系。
■这些发现揭示了在调整多个协变量后，HGI与心血管疾病（CVD）和全因死亡率之间的U形关系。性别特异性分析表明男性是U型关系，阈值点分别为-0.271和0.115。在阈值点之前，HGI与CVD死亡率（HR：0.64，95CI：0.44，0.93，P=0.02）和全因死亡率（HR：0.84，95CI：0.71，0.99）呈负相关，在阈值点之后，HGI与CVD死亡率（HR：1.48，95CI：1.23，1.79，P<0.01）和全因死亡率（HR：1.41，95CI：1.24，1.60）呈正相关。相比之下,在女性中，HGI与CVD死亡率呈J型关系，与全因死亡率呈L型关系。在阈值点之前，全因死亡率风险降低（HR：0.66，95CI：0.56，0.77，P=0.04），在阈值点之后，随着HGI的增加，CVD死亡率的风险逐渐增加（HR：1.39，95CI：1.12，1.72，P<0.01）。
■该研究强调了在高血压患者中维持适当的HGI水平的重要性，并验证了HGI是心血管和全因死亡风险的显着指标。它还强调了性别在HGI与这些风险之间的关系中的重要作用。
■分析了1999年至2018年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据。构建了三个模型来评估HGI和死亡风险之间的关系，控制各种协变量。使用受限三次样条（RCS）和阈值效应分析探索了非线性关系。
■这些发现揭示了在调整多个协变量后，HGI与心血管疾病（CVD）和全因死亡率之间的U形关系。性别特异性分析表明男性是U型关系，阈值点分别为-0.271和0.115。在阈值点之前，HGI与CVD死亡率（HR：0.64，95CI：0.44，0.93，P=0.02）和全因死亡率（HR：0.84，95CI：0.71，0.99）呈负相关，在阈值点之后，HGI与CVD死亡率（HR：1.48，95CI：1.23，1.79，P<0.01）和全因死亡率（HR：1.41，95CI：1.24，1.60）呈正相关。相比之下,在女性中，HGI与CVD死亡率呈J型关系，与全因死亡率呈L型关系。在阈值点之前，全因死亡率风险降低（HR：0.66，95CI：0.56，0.77，P=0.04），在阈值点之后，随着HGI的增加，CVD死亡率的风险逐渐增加（HR：1.39，95CI：1.12，1.72，P<0.01）。
■该研究强调了在高血压患者中维持适当的HGI水平的重要性，并验证了HGI是心血管和全因死亡风险的显着指标。它还强调了性别在HGI与这些风险之间的关系中的重要作用。
