Abstract：
This study aims to reveal the association between sleep quality and crystallized intelligence (Gc), fluid intelligence (Gf), and the underlying brain structural basis. Using the data from the Human Connectome Project (N = 1087), we performed mediation analysis to explore whether regional brain structure related to sleep quality mediate the association between sleep quality and intellectual abilities, and further examined whether socioeconomic status (i.e., income and education level) moderate the mediation effect. Results showed that poorer sleep quality was associated with lower Gc rather than Gf, and worse sleep quality was associated with smaller volume and surface area in temporal lobe, including inferior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus. Notably, temporal lobe structures mediated the association between sleep quality and Gc rather than Gf. Furthermore, socioeconomic status (i.e., income and education level) moderated the mediating effect, showing low socioeconomic status has a more significant mediating effect with stronger association between sleep quality and Gc as well as stronger association between temporal lobe structure and Gc in low socioeconomic status group. These findings suggest that individuals with higher socioeconomic status are less susceptible to the effect of sleep quality on Gc.
摘要：
这项研究旨在揭示睡眠质量与结晶智力(Gc)之间的关系，流体智能(Gf)，和潜在的大脑结构基础。使用HumanConnectome项目的数据（N=1087），我们进行了中介分析，以探讨与睡眠质量相关的局部大脑结构是否介导了睡眠质量与智力之间的关联，并进一步检查了社会经济地位(即，收入和教育水平)适度的中介效应。结果显示，较差的睡眠质量与较低的Gc而不是Gf有关，睡眠质量较差与颞叶体积和表面积较小有关，包括颞下回和颞中回。值得注意的是,颞叶结构介导了睡眠质量与Gc而不是Gf之间的关联。此外，社会经济地位(即，收入和教育水平)调节了中介效应，在低社会经济地位组中，表现出低社会经济地位具有更显著的中介效应，睡眠质量与Gc之间的关联更强，颞叶结构与Gc之间的关联更强。这些发现表明，具有较高社会经济地位的个体不太容易受到睡眠质量对Gc的影响。
