Abstract：
Dispersal is a well-recognized driver of ecological and evolutionary dynamics, and simultaneously an evolving trait. Dispersal evolution has traditionally been studied in single-species metapopulations so that it remains unclear how dispersal evolves in metacommunities and metafoodwebs, which are characterized by a multitude of species interactions. Since most natural systems are both species-rich and spatially structured, this knowledge gap should be bridged. Here, we discuss whether knowledge from dispersal evolutionary ecology established in single-species systems holds in metacommunities and metafoodwebs and we highlight generally valid and fundamental principles. Most biotic interactions form the backdrop to the ecological theatre for the evolutionary dispersal play because interactions mediate patterns of fitness expectations across space and time. While this allows for a simple transposition of certain known principles to a multispecies context, other drivers may require more complex transpositions, or might not be transferred. We discuss an important quantitative modulator of dispersal evolution-increased trait dimensionality of biodiverse meta-systems-and an additional driver: co-dispersal. We speculate that scale and selection pressure mismatches owing to co-dispersal, together with increased trait dimensionality, may lead to a slower and more \'diffuse\' evolution in biodiverse meta-systems. Open questions and potential consequences in both ecological and evolutionary terms call for more investigation. This article is part of the theme issue \'Diversity-dependence of dispersal: interspecific interactions determine spatial dynamics\'.
摘要：
分散是公认的生态和进化动力学的驱动力，同时也是一个不断发展的特征。传统上，扩散进化是在单物种群体中进行研究的，因此尚不清楚扩散如何在元群落和元生物网中进化，以多种物种相互作用为特征。由于大多数自然系统都是物种丰富且空间结构的，这种知识差距应该弥合。这里,我们讨论了在单物种系统中建立的扩散进化生态学的知识是否适用于元社区和元网络，并强调了普遍有效和基本的原则。大多数生物相互作用构成了进化扩散游戏的生态剧院的背景，因为相互作用介导了跨空间和时间的健身期望模式。虽然这允许将某些已知原理简单地转移到多物种环境中，其他司机可能需要更复杂的换位，或者可能不会被转移。我们讨论了分散进化的重要定量调节剂-增加了生物多样性元系统的性状维度-以及另一个驱动因素：共同分散。我们推测，由于共同分散，规模和选择压力不匹配，随着特征维度的增加，可能会导致生物多样性元系统中较慢和更“扩散”的进化。在生态和进化方面，悬而未决的问题和潜在的后果需要更多的调查。本文是主题问题“扩散的多样性依赖性：种间相互作用决定空间动力学”的一部分。
