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Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The urinary biomarker response precedes the appearance of any renal structural or functional derangement. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), and Cystatin C (CysC) can act as the early prognostic markers in posterior urethral valve (PUV) patients.
UNASSIGNED: To compare the urinary levels of TGF-β1, NGAL, and CysC between PUV cases and age matched controls and to correlate these with renal structural and functional parameters.
UNASSIGNED: This prospective study included children with PUV diagnosed using the standard investigations and an equal number of age-matched controls with nonurological problems. For the study subjects, the urinary samples were collected at three different time points (pre- and postoperatively at 3 and 6 months), whereas for controls, only single-voided samples were studied. The urinary levels of TGF-β1, NGAL, and CysC were estimated by the standardized techniques using the ELISA kits. Statistical methods were used to drive the comparisons between cases and controls.
UNASSIGNED: Fifteen children with a median age of 10 (5-48) months were enrolled in each of the two groups. The mean uTGF-β1 in the case group was significantly higher at all three time points (43.20 ± 6.13 pg/ml, 43.33 ± 11.89 pg/ml and 40.71 ± 9.01 pg/ml) as compared to the control group (29.12 ± 8.31 pg/ml) (P ≤ 0.001). The median uNGAL in the case group was also higher (17.78 ng/ml, 2.35 ng/ml and 2.536 ng/ml) as compared to the control group (1.31 ng/ml). However, the difference was significant only preoperatively (P = 0.02). The median uCysC in case group was similarly higher (0.347 μg/ml, 0.439 μg/ml, and 0.382 μg/ml) than the control group (0.243 μg/ml) (P > 0.05). Serum creatinine in the case group (0.49 mg/dl) showed no significant rise above that of control (0.24 mg/dl). A cutoff value of uTGF-β1 = 36.55 pg/ml (P < 0.001), uNGAL = 0.879 ng/ml (P = 0.02), and uCysC = 0.25 μg/ml (P = 0.22) was found to be associated with renal damage in PUV. A significant correlation was found between uNGAL and S. creatinine at 3 months (r = 0.43, P = 0.017) and 6 months (r = 0.47, P = 0.08).
UNASSIGNED: The elevated uTGF-β1, a decline in uNGAL and an increase in uCysC suggests ongoing inflammation, improvement in hydronephrosis and a prolonged proximal tubular dysfunction in PUV patients, respectively.
UNASSIGNED: To compare the urinary levels of TGF-β1, NGAL, and CysC between PUV cases and age matched controls and to correlate these with renal structural and functional parameters.
UNASSIGNED: This prospective study included children with PUV diagnosed using the standard investigations and an equal number of age-matched controls with nonurological problems. For the study subjects, the urinary samples were collected at three different time points (pre- and postoperatively at 3 and 6 months), whereas for controls, only single-voided samples were studied. The urinary levels of TGF-β1, NGAL, and CysC were estimated by the standardized techniques using the ELISA kits. Statistical methods were used to drive the comparisons between cases and controls.
UNASSIGNED: Fifteen children with a median age of 10 (5-48) months were enrolled in each of the two groups. The mean uTGF-β1 in the case group was significantly higher at all three time points (43.20 ± 6.13 pg/ml, 43.33 ± 11.89 pg/ml and 40.71 ± 9.01 pg/ml) as compared to the control group (29.12 ± 8.31 pg/ml) (P ≤ 0.001). The median uNGAL in the case group was also higher (17.78 ng/ml, 2.35 ng/ml and 2.536 ng/ml) as compared to the control group (1.31 ng/ml). However, the difference was significant only preoperatively (P = 0.02). The median uCysC in case group was similarly higher (0.347 μg/ml, 0.439 μg/ml, and 0.382 μg/ml) than the control group (0.243 μg/ml) (P > 0.05). Serum creatinine in the case group (0.49 mg/dl) showed no significant rise above that of control (0.24 mg/dl). A cutoff value of uTGF-β1 = 36.55 pg/ml (P < 0.001), uNGAL = 0.879 ng/ml (P = 0.02), and uCysC = 0.25 μg/ml (P = 0.22) was found to be associated with renal damage in PUV. A significant correlation was found between uNGAL and S. creatinine at 3 months (r = 0.43, P = 0.017) and 6 months (r = 0.47, P = 0.08).
UNASSIGNED: The elevated uTGF-β1, a decline in uNGAL and an increase in uCysC suggests ongoing inflammation, improvement in hydronephrosis and a prolonged proximal tubular dysfunction in PUV patients, respectively.
摘要：
■尿生物标志物反应先于任何肾结构或功能紊乱的出现。转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1),中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL），胱抑素C（CysC）可作为后尿道瓣膜（PUV）患者的早期预后标志物。
■为了比较TGF-β1，NGAL的尿液水平，PUV病例和年龄匹配对照之间的CysC，并将其与肾脏结构和功能参数相关联。
这项前瞻性研究包括使用标准调查诊断为PUV的儿童和同等数量的年龄匹配的非泌尿系统问题对照。对于研究对象，在三个不同的时间点（术前和术后3个月和6个月）收集尿液样本，而对于控制，仅研究了单空隙样品。尿TGF-β1、NGAL、使用ELISA试剂盒通过标准化技术估计CysC。统计方法用于驱动病例和对照之间的比较。
■两组各招募15名中位年龄为10(5-48)个月的儿童。病例组的平均uTGF-β1在所有三个时间点均显着高于（43.20±6.13pg/ml，与对照组（29.12±8.31pg/ml）（P≤0.001）相比，为43.33±11.89pg/ml和40.71±9.01pg/ml。病例组的uNGAL中位数也较高（17.78ng/ml，与对照组（1.31ng/ml）相比，分别为2.35ng/ml和2.536ng/ml。然而,仅在术前有显著性差异(P=0.02).病例组的uCysC中位数同样更高(0.347μg/ml，0.439μg/ml,和0.382μg/ml）比对照组（0.243μg/ml）（P>0.05）。病例组的血清肌酐（0.49mg/dl）没有明显高于对照组（0.24mg/dl）。uTGF-β1的截止值=36.55pg/ml（P<0.001），uNGAL=0.879ng/ml（P=0.02），发现uCysC=0.25μg/ml（P=0.22）与PUV的肾损害有关。uNGAL与肌酐在3个月（r=0.43，P=0.017）和6个月（r=0.47，P=0.08）之间存在显着相关性。
■uTGF-β1升高，uNGAL下降和uCysC升高提示炎症持续，PUV患者肾积水改善和近端肾小管功能障碍延长，分别。
■为了比较TGF-β1，NGAL的尿液水平，PUV病例和年龄匹配对照之间的CysC，并将其与肾脏结构和功能参数相关联。
这项前瞻性研究包括使用标准调查诊断为PUV的儿童和同等数量的年龄匹配的非泌尿系统问题对照。对于研究对象，在三个不同的时间点（术前和术后3个月和6个月）收集尿液样本，而对于控制，仅研究了单空隙样品。尿TGF-β1、NGAL、使用ELISA试剂盒通过标准化技术估计CysC。统计方法用于驱动病例和对照之间的比较。
■两组各招募15名中位年龄为10(5-48)个月的儿童。病例组的平均uTGF-β1在所有三个时间点均显着高于（43.20±6.13pg/ml，与对照组（29.12±8.31pg/ml）（P≤0.001）相比，为43.33±11.89pg/ml和40.71±9.01pg/ml。病例组的uNGAL中位数也较高（17.78ng/ml，与对照组（1.31ng/ml）相比，分别为2.35ng/ml和2.536ng/ml。然而,仅在术前有显著性差异(P=0.02).病例组的uCysC中位数同样更高(0.347μg/ml，0.439μg/ml,和0.382μg/ml）比对照组（0.243μg/ml）（P>0.05）。病例组的血清肌酐（0.49mg/dl）没有明显高于对照组（0.24mg/dl）。uTGF-β1的截止值=36.55pg/ml（P<0.001），uNGAL=0.879ng/ml（P=0.02），发现uCysC=0.25μg/ml（P=0.22）与PUV的肾损害有关。uNGAL与肌酐在3个月（r=0.43，P=0.017）和6个月（r=0.47，P=0.08）之间存在显着相关性。
■uTGF-β1升高，uNGAL下降和uCysC升高提示炎症持续，PUV患者肾积水改善和近端肾小管功能障碍延长，分别。
