Abstract：
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Data from public health surveillance systems are important for estimating country-level CDI burden. CDI surveillance can be population-based or hospital-based. Population-based surveillance results in overall estimates of CDI incidence (cases per 100,000 population-per-year), and hospital-based surveillance results in estimates of hospital-based CDI incidence (cases per 10,000 patient-days) or CDI admission rates (cases per 1,000 admissions). We sought to better understand temporal trends in CDI incidence reported in publicly available surveillance data worldwide and describe varying surveillance methods. We identified 13 countries in Europe, North America, and Oceania with publicly available population-based and/or hospital-based CDI surveillance data in online reports and/or dashboards. Additional countries in Europe, in particular, also conduct hospital-based CDI surveillance. Inconsistent CDI case definitions and surveillance approaches between countries limit the interpretability of multi-country comparisons. Nonetheless, publicly available CDI surveillance data enabled us to compare CDI incidence among countries with population-based and/or hospital-based surveillance systems and to describe trends in CDI incidence within countries over time. The highest CDI incidence is in the United States. While there have been recent declines in CDI incidence in all countries, the CDI burden remains high, and the need persists for CDI prevention strategies in communities and healthcare settings.
摘要：
艰难梭菌感染（CDI）是世界范围内发病率和死亡率的重要原因。来自公共卫生监测系统的数据对于估计国家一级的CDI负担很重要。CDI监测可以是基于人群的或基于医院的。基于人群的监测结果是CDI发病率的总体估计（每年每100,000人口中的病例），和基于医院的监测结果估计基于医院的CDI发病率(每10,000例患者-天)或CDI入院率(每1,000例入院).我们试图更好地了解全球公开可用的监测数据中报告的CDI发病率的时间趋势，并描述不同的监测方法。我们在欧洲确定了13个国家,北美,和大洋洲，在在线报告和/或仪表板中公开提供基于人群和/或基于医院的CDI监测数据。欧洲的其他国家，特别是,还进行基于医院的CDI监测。国家之间不一致的CDI病例定义和监测方法限制了多国家比较的可解释性。尽管如此，公开可用的CDI监测数据使我们能够比较采用基于人群和/或基于医院的监测系统的国家之间的CDI发病率,并描述国家内CDI发病率随时间的变化趋势.CDI发病率最高的是在美国。虽然最近所有国家的CDI发病率都有所下降，CDI负担仍然很高，并且在社区和医疗机构中仍然需要CDI预防策略。
