Abstract：
Neoterically, food packaging systems designed solely for prolonging shelf life or monitoring freshness could not fulfil the dynamic demands of consumers. In this current investigation, using the solvent casting method, a versatile halochromic indicator was created by integrating black currant anthocyanin and cinnamon essential oil-loaded Pickering emulsion into a starch/gelatin matrix. The resulting indicator film underwent scrutiny for its structural, pH-sensitive, antioxidant, and antimicrobial attributes. Unexpectedly, the amalgamation of anthocyanin and essential oil led to decreased antioxidant activity, dropping from 73.23 ± 2.17 to 28.87 ± 2.50 mg Trolox equivalent/g sample. Additionally, no discernible antimicrobial properties were detected in the composite film sample against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Fourier transform infrared analyses unveiled robust intermolecular interactions among the film-forming components, providing insights into the observed antagonistic effect. The indicator film displayed distinctive colour changes corresponding to the fresh (greyish-brown), onset of decomposition (khaki), and spoiled (dark green) stages of the stored fish sample. This highlights its promising potential for providing real-time indications of food spoilage. These findings are important for the efficient design of composite films incorporating anthocyanins and essential oils. They serve as a guide towards their potential use as multifunctional packaging materials in the food industry.
摘要：
新的,仅为延长保质期或监测新鲜度而设计的食品包装系统无法满足消费者的动态需求。在目前的调查中,使用溶剂流延方法，通过将黑醋栗花青素苷和肉桂精油负载的Pickering乳液整合到淀粉/明胶基质中，创建了一种通用的卤化变色指示剂。由此产生的指示膜对其结构进行了审查，pH敏感,抗氧化剂，和抗菌属性。出乎意料的是,花青素和精油的融合导致抗氧化活性降低，从73.23±2.17降至28.87±2.50mgTrolox当量/g样品。此外,在复合膜样品中未检测到对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的明显抗菌性能。傅里叶变换红外分析揭示了成膜组分之间强大的分子间相互作用，提供对观察到的拮抗作用的见解。指示膜显示出与新鲜（灰棕色）相对应的独特颜色变化，开始分解（卡其色），和变质（深绿色）阶段的存储的鱼样品。这凸显了其提供食物腐败实时指示的潜力。这些发现对于有效设计掺入花青素和精油的复合膜很重要。它们可以作为食品行业中多功能包装材料的潜在用途。
